Marine Biology (Castro), 8th Edition

Chapter 5: The Microbial World

Chapter Quiz

1
Primary producers in the oceans are all microscopic photosynthesizers including bacteria, plants, and algae.
A)True
B)False
2
Viruses do not have
A)Any genes at all.
B)A nucleus.
C)RNA.
D)A protein coat.
3
After bacterial cells burst as a result of viral infections,
A)Dissolved organic matter is taken up directly by small zooplankton.
B)Essential nutrients are taken up by the viruses.
C)Dissolved organic matter can be taken in by other bacteria.
D)The viruses dissolve.
4
Prokaryotic cells have
A)A cell wall.
B)A nucleus.
C)spiral-shaped DNA molecules.
D)No pigment.
5
Bacteria are particularly important in ecosystems because
A)They can tolerate harsh environmental conditions.
B)Some form crusts.
C)Many are decomposers.
D)They accumulate oxygen in the atmosphere.
6
Anaerobic bacteria generally
A)Require oxygen for growth.
B)Cannot tolerate sulfate.
C)Are heterotrophs.
D)Carry on photosynthesis and not chemosynthesis.
7
One might find the Archaea in which habitat?
A)Shallow coastal water
B)Lagoons
C)Hydrothermal vents
D)In tissues of other organisms
8
Cyanobacteria form a relatively minor component of the ocean's primary producers.
A)True
B)False
9
Stromatolites are calcareous mounds formed by colonies of cyanobacteria.
A)True
B)False
10
Bacteria that carry on sulfur oxidation can be found where?
A)Only where there is light
B)In mud flats
C)In clean open-ocean water
D)In cold seas
11
Like most plants, unicellular algae generally have which of these features?
A)Stems
B)Ability to swim
C)Chlorophyll
D)Complex nonreproductive cells involved in nutrient transport
12
Diatoms have a protective covering made out of cellulose.
A)True
B)False
13
Diatomaceous earth is used as a
A)Poison.
B)Medical compound.
C)Filtering medium.
D)Component of paint.
14
Asexual reproduction in diatoms usually results in
A)same-sized progeny.
B)Fertilized eggs.
C)One larger and one smaller cell.
D)Naked offspring.
15
Dinoflagellates move using two flagella, one wrapped around a central groove, and one trailing free.
A)True
B)False
16
Dinoflagellates are often responsible for toxic red tides and for the diffuse bioluminescence of the open sea.
A)True
B)False
17
Some dinoflagellates become zooxanthellae that inhabit the tissues of animals, forming generally beneficial partnerships.
A)True
B)False
18
Foraminifera are single cells that form chambered calcareous shells.
A)True
B)False
19
Foraminiferans and radiolarians feed by
A)Using cilia to capture particles.
B)Using flagella to grab prey.
C)Using a network of pseudopodia to trap food.
D)Stabbing their prey on spines.
20
Lichens are a type of fungus and thus are classified as strictly heterotrophic.
A)True
B)False
21
Marine fungi may be common in which habitat?
A)Hydrothermal vents
B)Mangrove swamps
C)Shallow bays
D)near the surface of the open sea
22
Useful features for distinguishing between protistans include all of these except which one?
A)Flagella
B)Covering of the organism
C)Kind of locomotory structures--cilia or pseudopodia
D)Nucleus
23
Bacteria are ecologically important because of which reason?
A)They can be epiphytes.
B)They dominate life on intertidal rocks.
C)They can cause skin rashes.
D)They carry on nitrogen fixation.
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