Hole's Essentials of Human Anatomy & Physiology, 10th Edition (Shier)

Chapter 15: Digestive System and Nutrition

Post-Test

1
The chief cells of the gastric glands secrete
A)mucus
B)hydrochloric acid
C)digestive enzymes
D)potassium chloride
2
The digestive enzyme pepsin, secreted by gastric glands, begins the digestion of
A)carbohydrates
B)protein
C)fats
D)vitamins
3
The release of gastrin is stimulated mainly by the
A)parasympathetic nervous system
B)presence of alkaline substances
C)sight and smell of food
D)presence of substances such as carbohydrates and caffeine in the stomach
4
The foods that stay longest in the stomach are
A)protein foods
B)fatty foods
C)complex carbohydrate foods
D)simple sugar foods
5
Pancreatic enzymes travel along the pancreatic duct and, along with the bile duct, join the alimentary canal at the
A)duodenum
B)jejunum
C)ileum
D)pylorus
6
Which of the following enzymes is present in the mouth and pancreas?
A)amylase
B)lipase
C)trypsin
D)lactase
7
Which of the following liver functions does not concern protein metabolism?
A)deaminating amino acids
B)forming urea
C)forming bile
D)synthesizing clotting factors
8
Which of the following substances is (are) not usually stored in the liver?
A)vitamins A and D
B)carbohydrate
C)iron
D)water soluble vitamins
9
Type A hepatitis is transmitted by
A)ingestion of food contaminated by feces
B)transfusion with blood contaminated by the hepatitis virus
C)use of improperly cleaned needles
D)sexual activity
10
The function of the gallbladder is to
A)store and release bile
B)produce bile
C)activate bile
D)modify the pH of bile
11
Which of the following is a function of bile?
A)emulsification of fats
B)absorption of fats
C)increase the solubility of amino acids
D)absorption of water soluble vitamins
12
The velvety appearance of the lining of the small intestine is due to the presence of
A)cilia
B)villi
C)mucus secreted by the small intestine
D)capillaries
13
Sucrase and maltase are enzymes important in breaking down
A)peptides
B)disaccharides
C)fats
D)nucleic acids
14
Which of the following nutrients are absorbed by the lacteals of the villi of the small intestine?
A)peptides
B)fats
C)amino acids
D)glucose
15
Choose the incorrect statement regarding the large intestine.
A)Ulcerative colitis can lead to weight loss and electrolyte imbalances.
B)Materials pass from the sigmoid colon directly into the rectum.
C)Digestion of any remaining carbohydrates and proteins is completed in the ascending colon.
D)Intestinal flora are important in producing vitamins K and B12.
16
The internal and external anal sphincters close the
A)sigmoid colon
B)rectum
C)anal canal
D)anus
17
Which of the following nutrients is not absorbed by the intestine?
A)fructose
B)galactose
C)glucose
D)cellulose
18
The carbohydrate form most commonly oxidized by cells as fuel is
A)fructose
B)lactose
C)glucose
D)galactose
19
Which of the following is a water-soluble vitamin?
A)A
B)C
C)D
D)E
20
Digestion is the mechanical and chemical breakdown of foods into nutrients that cell membranes can absorb.
A)True
B)False
21
While various regions of the alimentary canal are specialized to carry out certain functions, the structure of its wall and its innervation is similar throughout its length.
A)True
B)False
22
The lips contain both smooth and skeletal muscle as well as receptors for temperature and pain.
A)True
B)False
23
Skeletal muscle makes up most of the bulk of the tongue.
A)True
B)False
24
The greater omentum can prevent the spread of infection in the abdominal cavity.
A)True
B)False
25
Segmentation is a strong contraction of smooth muscle that propels material in the large intestine toward the rectum.
A)True
B)False
26
The only secretion of the salivary glands is the digestive enzyme amylase.
A)True
B)False
27
The three phases of swallowing are controlled by the somatic nervous system.
A)True
B)False
28
Mucous cells of the gastric glands secrete a thick alkaline substance that coats the lining of the stomach and prevents its digestion by pepsin and hydrochloric acid.
A)True
B)False
29
Parietal cells produce and secrete hydrochloric acid (HCl).
A)True
B)False
30
Essential amino acids are those that cannot be synthesized by the body.
A)True
B)False
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