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1 | | After Lexington and Concord, |
| | A) | independence immediately became an American war aim. |
| | B) | Congress rejected the "Olive Branch Petition" that was an effort at reconciliation with Britain. |
| | C) | the minutemen advanced on Montreal and Quebec. |
| | D) | people immediately viewed independence as a war aim, but it took Congress over a year to concur. |
| | E) | it took almost a year for independence to become a primary war aim. |
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2 | | Thomas Paine's Common Sense is an important work because it |
| | A) | helped Americans reconcile their differences with England. |
| | B) | persuaded Americans that no reconciliation with Britain was possible. |
| | C) | supported the concept of the English constitution. |
| | D) | argued that Parliament, not the King, was the enemy. |
| | E) | argued that William Pitt could be reasonably dealt with. |
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3 | | Historians have long debated whether the colonial motivations for the American Revolution were |
| | A) | economic or ideological. |
| | B) | economic or religious. |
| | C) | religious or military. |
| | D) | based on disputes between slaveowners and non-slaveowners. |
| | E) | a power struggle between Patriots and Loyalists. |
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4 | | The Declaration of Independence stated that governments were formed to |
| | A) | give men an opportunity to exert power. |
| | B) | reward loyal servants of the state. |
| | C) | promote democracy. |
| | D) | control every aspect of human thought and action. |
| | E) | protect a person's life, freedom, and right to pursue happiness. |
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5 | | After the initial surge of patriotism, American troops |
| | A) | came primarily from volunteers. |
| | B) | immediately came under the control of the federal government. |
| | C) | came from both conscription and payment of bounties. |
| | D) | were primarily paid substitutes. |
| | E) | increasingly were composed of friendly Indians and freed slaves. |
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6 | | Most of America's war materials came from |
| | A) | American manufacturers. |
| | B) | the seizure of British forts and the surrender of British armies. |
| | C) | the capture of supply ships by American privateers. |
| | D) | foreign aid. |
| | E) | the Springfield armory. |
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7 | | Britain enjoyed all of the following advantages in the Revolution EXCEPT |
| | A) | the greatest navy and the best-equipped army in the world. |
| | B) | superior industrial resources. |
| | C) | greater commitment to the conflict. |
| | D) | a coherent structure of command. |
| | E) | None of these answers is correct. |
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8 | | Congress financed the revolution by |
| | A) | selling bonds. |
| | B) | minting gold and silver coins. |
| | C) | borrowing from other nations. |
| | D) | taxing the wealthy. |
| | E) | printing paper money. |
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9 | | The choice of George Washington as commander in chief was a good one because of his |
| | A) | knowledge of military affairs. |
| | B) | Masonic connections with European grand lodges. |
| | C) | successful military experience in the Great War for the Empire. |
| | D) | relaxed, informal way with his men. |
| | E) | image among the people, who trusted and respected him. |
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10 | | After a year of war, the British realized |
| | A) | they had a better chance of success in the South where Tory support was stronger. |
| | B) | the war had become more than just a local phenomenon around Boston. |
| | C) | the American invasion of Canada had taken away a substantial amount of British territory. |
| | D) | that they could win the war by taking Boston. |
| | E) | they could win with a naval blockade. |
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11 | | By the end of 1776, the American army under Washington had |
| | A) | won no victories, major or minor. |
| | B) | become badly divided and scattered. |
| | C) | retreated into western Pennsylvania. |
| | D) | won two minor victories and remained intact. |
| | E) | taken up winter quarters at Valley Forge. |
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12 | | John Burgoyne's surrender at Saratoga |
| | A) | convinced the French that they should help the Americans. |
| | B) | caused the British to consider giving up the fight. |
| | C) | made George Washington a military hero. |
| | D) | had little effect on the war in the long run. |
| | E) | led the British to concede New England to the Americans. |
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13 | | After 1777, the British decided to focus their efforts in the South because |
| | A) | there was less population there. |
| | B) | they believed there were more Loyalists there. |
| | C) | they thought slaves would help them. |
| | D) | they had more Indian allies there. |
| | E) | they believed the terrain to be more favorable to conventional tactics. |
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14 | | The treason of Benedict Arnold |
| | A) | shocked American forces. |
| | B) | came as no surprise since he was not highly regarded. |
| | C) | led to the surrender of the fort at West Point. |
| | D) | resulted in Arnold's hanging. |
| | E) | resulted in a shakeup of the American high command. |
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15 | | The British were forced to surrender at Yorktown because |
| | A) | Clinton ordered Cornwallis to surrender. |
| | B) | Washington was able to defeat the British in the field. |
| | C) | Americans were finally better trained than the British. |
| | D) | the British commander underestimated the size of Washington's army. |
| | E) | French troops and a French fleet helped trap the British. |
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16 | | Even though the British wanted to end the war, the French were reluctant to negotiate because |
| | A) | they feared the Americans might take Canada. |
| | B) | British agents were at work among the common folk of Paris. |
| | C) | they were committed to staying in the war until Spain got Gibraltar. |
| | D) | Spain was insisting on getting the Virgin Islands. |
| | E) | the Dutch insisted on taking over the British tea trade. |
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17 | | Of all the Loyalists groups in America, the one that suffered most as a result of the Revolution was |
| | A) | western farmers. |
| | B) | slaves. |
| | C) | traders and trappers. |
| | D) | Anglicans. |
| | E) | the Quakers. |
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18 | | Native Americans |
| | A) | generally fought in the war on the side of the British. |
| | B) | generally fought in the war on the side of the Americans. |
| | C) | were unaffected by the revolution. |
| | D) | saw their position improved by the results of the Revolution. |
| | E) | generally stayed neutral in the war. |
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19 | | During the Revolution, women took on new responsibilities. After the war, |
| | A) | things generally went back to the way they were before and few concrete reforms occurred in the status of women. |
| | B) | women were able to translate wartime gains into peacetime reforms. |
| | C) | women were recognized and honored for their contributions with new careers. |
| | D) | women got the right to vote in most northern colonies. |
| | E) | women became leading educators. |
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20 | | In spite of rhetoric proclaiming "all men are created equal," slavery survived in America for nearly a century after the Revolution because whites |
| | A) | harbored racist assumptions about the natural inferiority of blacks. |
| | B) | never considered it immoral or wrong. |
| | C) | feared free blacks would return to Africa. |
| | D) | refused to consider plans to compensate slaveholders for gradual emancipation of slaves. |
| | E) | believed slave labor enhanced American states in world trade. |
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21 | | If postwar Americans agreed on nothing else, they agreed that |
| | A) | there should be no property qualifications to vote. |
| | B) | states should have democratic governments. |
| | C) | the Articles of Confederation needed to be replaced by a constitution. |
| | D) | some men were born to govern and some were born to follow. |
| | E) | new governments should be republican. |
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22 | | Under the Articles of Confederation, the only institution of national authority was the |
| | A) | Supreme Court. |
| | B) | Congress. |
| | C) | president of the United States. |
| | D) | Senate. |
| | E) | Post Office. |
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