Marine Biology (Castro), 9th Edition

Chapter 19: The Oceans and Human Affairs

Chapter Quiz

1
Which of these areas is shown more or less accurately on maps of the world produced before 1480?
A)Indian Ocean
B)Eastern coast of Asia
C)Mediterranean Sea
D)Arctic Ocean
2
The first Europeans to explore southern Africa and pioneer sea routes to India were the:
A)Romans.
B)Greeks.
C)Portuguese.
D)Spanish.
3
All of the following areas are isolated by water barriers. Where do you think that the people had the least contact with other cultures prior to the 1700s?
A)China
B)Ireland
C)Australia
D)The Mediterranean islands
4
The newest innovation for large volumes of cargo transport by ship is:
A)GPS tracking
B)The use of steel containers
C)Increased transport of people by aircraft.
D)Installation of wine casks on ships.
5
A container ship might carry which of these?
A)Heavy equipment
B)Oil
C)Passengers
D)Freshly cut flowers
6
The coastal peoples of the northwestern coast of the United States and Canada fished mainly for which of these?
A)Pearls
B)Herring
C)Cod
D)Salmon
7
One of the greatest Mediterranean seaports of the late Middle Ages was:
A)London.
B)Venice.
C)Amsterdam.
D)Cairo.
8
Which of the following features is considered to be most important in defining a group of people as a maritime culture?
A)They live along the ocean.
B)They go fishing.
C)They depend on the ocean for every aspect of their survival.
D)They eat seafood.
9
History has been influenced by naval battles at all of these places except which one?
A)Trafalgar
B)Midway
C)The Gulf of California
D)Jutland
10
A news article states that a Japanese submarine from World War II has been found at a depth of over 3,000 m. The article is accompanied by a false color relief profile showing the outline of the submarine above the flat sea floor. How was the submarine likely to have been located initially?
A)Side-scan sonar
B)Remotely controlled vehicle
C)Manned submarine
D)Photography
11
Many areas of search for potential shipwreck sites are initially located by:
A)Using pollution control
B)Analyzing old documents and charts
C)Analyzing satellite imagery
D)Reviewing old tide charts
12
_____________ has greatly reduced harm to marine environments in many areas, since beautiful marine sites generally are preserved rather than being exploited for food or materials.
A)Capitol investment
B)Resort construction
C)Ecotourism
D)Oil exploration
13
One of countries on the Persian Gulf proposes to build a huge, artificial island by dredging up sand from the sea floor, then building expensive homes on the island. Which of these effects of such activities is NOT likely to occur?
A)Increased siltation in the water
B)Destruction of shallow-water invertebrate communities
C)Disturbance of habitat for fishes
D)Enhancement of habitat for reef corals
14
Fishermen who are out of work have gained employment in which of these activities?
A)Raising sea turtle hatchlings
B)Taking tourists on whale-watching tours
C)Transporting large containers.
D)Recycling fishing net materials.
15
According to international law, if a strait falls within 12 nautical miles of one or more nations,
A)They must negotiate to decide who controls the strait.
B)Unimpeded surface transit is guaranteed for everyone.
C)The larger nation can declare that the strait is part of its exclusive economic zone.
D)The resources in that strait belong to the United Nations.
16
Territorial Seas go out to ___________ from a nations shores.
A)200 miles
B)100 miles
C)The end of the Littoral Zone
D)12 miles
17
The United Nations Conference on Environment and Development in 1982 led to the establishment of:
A)Measures to prevent global warming
B)Exclusive Economic Zones
C)An international agency for ecotourism
D)The expansion of all maritime cultures
18
The next major area which has potential to produce conflict over marine resources is:
A)The Indian Ocean
B)The Arctic Ocean
C)The Sea of Azov
D)The Atlantic Ocean
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