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| 1.
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The __________ is the SI unit of energy.
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| | A) | joule |
| | B) | volt |
| | C) | ampere |
| | D) | watt |
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| 2.
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By what process does the Sun produce enough energy to warm Earth?
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| | A) | nuclear fusion |
| | B) | glycolysis |
| | C) | catabolism |
| | D) | transformation of thermal energy into kinetic energy |
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| 3.
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What two factors determine how much gravitational potential energy is in an object?
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| | A) | weight and speed of the object |
| | B) | weight of the object and height above the ground |
| | C) | shape and speed of the object |
| | D) | shape of the object and its position relative to the ground |
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| 4.
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Which of the following vehicles has the most kinetic energy?
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| | A) | a 900-kg car traveling 80 km/h |
| | B) | a 1,100-kg car traveling 60 km/h |
| | C) | a 2000-kg truck traveling 50 km/h |
| | D) | a 300-kg motorcycle traveling 100 km/h |
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| 5.
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A baseball is hit into the air with a bat. When does the baseball have the greatest gravitational potential energy?
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| | A) | when it leaves the bat |
| | B) | when it reaches its highest point |
| | C) | when it hits the ground |
| | D) | when the mechanical and kinetic energies of the baseball are equal |
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| 6.
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What two factors determine how much potential energy an object has?
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| | A) | mass and position |
| | B) | speed and mass |
| | C) | speed and surface area |
| | D) | speed and position |
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| 7.
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The law of conservation of energy states that __________.
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| | A) | energy is not created or destroyed and its form is constant |
| | B) | energy cannot be created or destroyed |
| | C) | when energy is transformed, the total energy of a system is less than it was before the change |
| | D) | energy can be created and destroyed but cannot change form |
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| 8.
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As energy transformations occur within a system, the total energy of the system __________.
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| | A) | decreases |
| | B) | is transferred out of the system |
| | C) | increases |
| | D) | remains constant |
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| 9.
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During energy transformations, energy is never __________.
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| | A) | used to increase an object's potential energy |
| | B) | created or destroyed |
| | C) | released as heat |
| | D) | completely transformed |
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| 10.
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Which of the following statements about an apple falling from a tree is true?
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| | A) | Its kinetic and potential energies remain constant. |
| | B) | Its kinetic energy decreases and its potential energy increases. |
| | C) | Its potential energy decreases and its kinetic energy increases. |
| | D) | Its mechanical energy increases. |
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| 11.
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__________ is the energy stored in an object due to its position.
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| | A) | Potential energy |
| | B) | Entropy |
| | C) | Thermal energy |
| | D) | Kinetic energy |
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| 12.
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What is a joule?
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| | A) | the unit of measurement describing the change in velocity in a unit time |
| | B) | a unit of energy that depends on both an object's mass and velocity |
| | C) | a unit measuring the amount of energy we get from various foods |
| | D) | the unit of force required to move 1 kg of mass 1 m/s/s |
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| 13.
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How much gravitational potential energy does a 75-kg diver have stepping off the edge of a 5-m platform?
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| | A) | 147 J |
| | B) | 15 J |
| | C) | 3,675 J |
| | D) | 375 J |
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| 14.
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__________ is energy stored by things that stretch or compress.
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| | A) | Elastic kinetic energy |
| | B) | Chemical kinetic energy |
| | C) | Gravitational potential |
| | D) | Elastic potential energy |
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| 15.
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Which of the following objects has potential energy?
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| | A) | a ball rolling across the floor |
| | B) | a bowling ball knocking over a pin |
| | C) | a glass sitting on a table |
| | D) | a bicycle coasting down a hill |
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| 16.
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Without changing the mass of a moving object, doubling its velocity will __________ its kinetic energy.
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| | A) | triple |
| | B) | not affect |
| | C) | double |
| | D) | quadruple |
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| 17.
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How much kinetic energy does a moving object have if its mass is 100 kg and it is moving at a speed of 5 meters per second?
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| | A) | 250 J |
| | B) | 1,250 J |
| | C) | 2,500 J |
| | D) | 125,000 J |
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| 18.
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Carbohydrates and proteins each supply about __________ Calories of energy per gram.
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| | A) | 40 |
| | B) | 400 |
| | C) | 4 |
| | D) | 14 |
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| 19.
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What two factors determine how much kinetic energy an object has?
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| | A) | position and mass |
| | B) | speed and surface area |
| | C) | speed and mass |
| | D) | speed and position |
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| 20.
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One food Calorie is equivalent to approximately __________.
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| | A) | 4 J |
| | B) | 400 J |
| | C) | 40 J |
| | D) | 4,000 J |
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