Physical Science

Chapter 9: Energy Sources

Energy Sources

1.
How much coal would have to be burned to release the same amount of energy as one kilogram of uranium that undergoes nuclear fission?
A)3 kg
B)3,000,000 kg
C)300 kg
D)3,000 kg
2.
__________ is a thick, flammable liquid formed by decayed organisms.
A)Petroleum
B)Kerosene
C)Hydrocarbon
D)Natural gas
3.
In what part of a nuclear reactor does fission occur?
A)core
B)generator
C)turbine
D)coolant
4.
A(n) __________ is a resource that is replaced by natural processes nearly as quickly as it is used.
A)renewable resource
B)reserve
C)energy option
D)nonrenewable resource
5.
The method for separating petroleum into its different compounds is called __________.
A)combustion
B)sublimation
C)fractional distillation
D)component filtering
6.
The greatest percentage of energy used in the United States is utilized for __________.
A)transportation
B)providing electricity to businesses and office buildings
C)manufacturing products and producing food
D)heating homes and operating appliances
7.
Which of the following statements about nuclear power is true?
A)No hazardous waste products are generated.
B)Nuclear fission produces no air pollution.
C)Nuclear power plants produce large amounts of carbon dioxide.
D)Water used as a coolant in the reactor core can be quickly and safely released into nearby streams and rivers.
8.
Electricity produced from the energy of moving water is called __________.
A)nuclear power
B)aquatic power
C)geothermal energy
D)hydroelectricity
9.
Solar cells utilize __________, which eject electrons when sunlight strikes them.
A)generators
B)turbines
C)semiconductor materials
D)electron-poor materials
10.
Which of the following occurs first during the conversion of fossil fuels to electricity in an electrical power station?
A)Steam causes the blades of a turbine to spin.
B)A spinning turbine shaft rotates magnets and generates electric current.
C)Fuel is burned in a combustion chamber.
D)Thermal energy heats water and produces steam.
11.
Which of the following is true of nuclear fuel?
A)It is usually plutonium oxide.
B)It must be kept away from the reactor core.
C)It must have nuclei that can undergo fission.
D)It is easily obtained without risk to the environment.
12.
According to the law of conservation of energy, energy cannot be __________.
A)wasted
B)transformed
C)created or destroyed
D)used
13.
When fossil fuels are burned, carbon and hydrogen atoms in the fossil fuels combine with oxygen in the air to form __________.
A)carbon dioxide and water
B)hydrochloric acid
C)hydrocarbons
D)sulfur dioxide and water
14.
How much of the electricity produced in the United States comes from nuclear power plants?
A)75 percent
B)20 percent
C)5 percent
D)50 percent
15.
Heat generated within Earth by the decay of radioactive elements is called __________.
A)nuclear power
B)geothermal heat
C)biomass
D)hydroelectricity
16.
Most of the coal used in the United States is __________.
A)imported from other countries
B)used to produce coke for the steel industry
C)burned by power plants to generate electricity.
D)produced in California and Florida
17.
Which of the following is a fossil fuel?
A)water
B)coal
C)nuclear pellets
D)wood
18.
A(n) __________ is a resource that cannot be replaced by natural processes as quickly as it is used.
A)renewable resource
B)inefficient fuel source
C)nonrenewable resource
D)energy source
19.
__________ is the joining together of small nuclei at high temperatures.
A)Thermonuclear fusion
B)Nuclear fission
C)Chain reaction
D)Hydrogen production
20.
Which of the following is true of solar energy?
A)Producing electricity using solar cells is expensive.
B)The Sun's rays strike the Earth continuously, therefore storing electricity generated by solar cells is not necessary.
C)A technique for generating electricity using solar energy has not been developed.
D)The quantity of solar energy available to produce electricity is not affected by location on Earth's surface.
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