Glencoe Science Level Blue

Chapter 11: The Sun-Earth-Moon-System

The Sun-Earth-Moon System

1
The solstice is __________.
A)the point at which the Sun reaches its greatest distance north or south of the equator
B)the seasons
C)the point at which the Sun is closest to Earth
D)the point at which the Sun reaches its greatest distance east or west of the prime meridian
2
Which phase is also called a first quarter moon?
A)waxing crescent
B)waning crescent
C)waxing gibbous
D)new moon
3
Which of the Moon-formation theories was supported by the findings of the Apollo missions?
A)the theory that Earth ejected a blob of molten material that formed the Moon
B)the impact theory
C)the theory that loose material around Earth condensed to produce the Moon
D)the capture theory
4
What causes the distance between Earth and the Sun to change during Earth's yearlong orbit?
A)Earth's orbit is a circle, so the distance never changes.
B)Earth's orbit is a circle, so the distance sometimes changes.
C)Earth's orbit is an ellipse - an elongated, closed curve - so the distance sometimes changes.
D)Earth's orbit is an ellipse - an elongated, closed curve - but the change in distance from the Sun is only an optical illusion.
5
What is the difference between Earth's rotation and revolution?
A)Rotation refers to Earth's spinning on its equator, and revolution refers to Earth's spinning around the solar system.
B)Rotation refers to Earth's spinning on its axis, and revolution refers to Earth's spinning around the Sun.
C)Revolution refers to Earth's spinning on its axis, and rotation refers to Earth's spinning around the Sun.
D)Revolution refers to Earth's spinning on its axis, and rotation refers to Earth's changing seasons.
6
An equinox occurs when _______ is directly above _______ equator.
A)Earth, the Sun's
B)Earth, the Moon's
C)the Moon, Earth's
D)the Sun, Earth's
7
Which phase is also called a third quarter moon?
A)new moon
B)waxing gibbous
C)waning gibbous
D)waning crescent
8
Why do scientists believe the Moon must once have been as geologically active as Earth is today?
A)because of the discovery of hydrogen on the Moon's surface
B)because of the discovery of maria on the Moon's surface
C)because of the discovery of water on the Moon's surface
D)because of the discovery of volcanoes on the Moon's surface
9
Which occurs more quickly?
A)the amount of time it takes the Moon to rotate
B)the amount of time it takes the Moon to revolve
C)the amount of time it takes for Earth to revolve
D)the amount of time it takes for Earth to rotate
10
What do scientists believe is the cause of the craters found on the Moon's surface?
A)all answers are correct
B)asteroids
C)comets
D)meteorites
11
How many phases of the Moon are there?
A)five
B)eight
C)seven
D)ten
12
What does Earth's rotation cause?
A)the seasons
B)a year
C)eclipses
D)day and night
13
Why doesn't Earth's orbit cause seasonal temperature changes on Earth?
A)The change in distance occurs at the same time as the seasons, so we don't notice the change.
B)The change in distance is actually minimal. Earth's tilted axis is the real cause of seasons on Earth.
C)The change in distance is the real cause of seasons on Earth.
D)Even though Earth's orbit is an ellipse, the change in distance from the Sun is only an optical illusion.
14
During a total solar eclipse, what is the darkest portion of the Moon's shadow called?
A)the umbra
B)a moon spot
C)the upper mantle
D)the penumbra
15
The same side of the Moon always faces Earth __________.
A)because the motion of the Sun through the solar system and Earth's rotation on its axis take the same amount of time.
B)because the motion of the Moon's revolution around Earth and its rotation on its axis take the same amount of time
C)because the motion of Earth's revolution around the Sun and its rotation on its axis take the same amount of time
D)because the motion of Earth's revolution around the Sun and the Moon's rotation on its axis take the same amount of time
16
What kind of information did Clementine bring back about the Moon?
A)The crust on the side of the Moon facing Earth is thinner than the other side.
B)There is ice on one portion of the Moon, which would be ideal for a Moon colony.
C)information for a global map of the Moon
D)all answers are correct
17
Why does the Moon appear to be a dark, reddish color during a Lunar Eclipse?
A)because Earth's atmosphere changes the color of the Sun's light
B)because the Moon receives direct sunlight from the Sun during a lunar eclipse.
C)because Earth's atmosphere intensifies the Sun's light onto the Moon
D)because Earth's atmosphere bends the Sun's light onto the Moon
18
When the northern hemisphere experiences summer, it's __________.
A)lined exactly perpendicular to the Sun
B)closer to the Sun
C)tilted toward the Sun
D)tilted away from the Sun
19
What only can occur during a full moon?
A)waxing crescent
B)a lunar eclipse
C)third quarter moon
D)a solar eclipse
20
Which phase of the Moon occurs when the moon is between Earth and the Sun?
A)waning crescent
B)new moon
C)waxing gibbous
D)full moon
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