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| 1 | |
The solstice is __________.
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| | A) | the point at which the Sun reaches its greatest distance north or south of the equator |
| | B) | the seasons |
| | C) | the point at which the Sun is closest to Earth |
| | D) | the point at which the Sun reaches its greatest distance east or west of the prime meridian |
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| 2 | |
Which phase is also called a first quarter moon?
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| | A) | waxing crescent |
| | B) | waning crescent |
| | C) | waxing gibbous |
| | D) | new moon |
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| 3 | |
Which of the Moon-formation theories was supported by the findings of the Apollo missions?
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| | A) | the theory that Earth ejected a blob of molten material that formed the Moon |
| | B) | the impact theory |
| | C) | the theory that loose material around Earth condensed to produce the Moon |
| | D) | the capture theory |
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| 4 | |
What causes the distance between Earth and the Sun to change during Earth's yearlong orbit?
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| | A) | Earth's orbit is a circle, so the distance never changes. |
| | B) | Earth's orbit is a circle, so the distance sometimes changes. |
| | C) | Earth's orbit is an ellipse - an elongated, closed curve - so the distance sometimes changes. |
| | D) | Earth's orbit is an ellipse - an elongated, closed curve - but the change in distance from the Sun is only an optical illusion. |
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| 5 | |
What is the difference between Earth's rotation and revolution?
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| | A) | Rotation refers to Earth's spinning on its equator, and revolution refers to Earth's spinning around the solar system. |
| | B) | Rotation refers to Earth's spinning on its axis, and revolution refers to Earth's spinning around the Sun. |
| | C) | Revolution refers to Earth's spinning on its axis, and rotation refers to Earth's spinning around the Sun. |
| | D) | Revolution refers to Earth's spinning on its axis, and rotation refers to Earth's changing seasons. |
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| 6 | |
An equinox occurs when _______ is directly above _______ equator.
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| | A) | Earth, the Sun's |
| | B) | Earth, the Moon's |
| | C) | the Moon, Earth's |
| | D) | the Sun, Earth's |
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| 7 | |
Which phase is also called a third quarter moon?
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| | A) | new moon |
| | B) | waxing gibbous |
| | C) | waning gibbous |
| | D) | waning crescent |
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| 8 | |
Why do scientists believe the Moon must once have been as geologically active as Earth is today?
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| | A) | because of the discovery of hydrogen on the Moon's surface |
| | B) | because of the discovery of maria on the Moon's surface |
| | C) | because of the discovery of water on the Moon's surface |
| | D) | because of the discovery of volcanoes on the Moon's surface |
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| 9 | |
Which occurs more quickly?
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| | A) | the amount of time it takes the Moon to rotate |
| | B) | the amount of time it takes the Moon to revolve |
| | C) | the amount of time it takes for Earth to revolve |
| | D) | the amount of time it takes for Earth to rotate |
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| 10 | |
What do scientists believe is the cause of the craters found on the Moon's surface?
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| | A) | all answers are correct |
| | B) | asteroids |
| | C) | comets |
| | D) | meteorites |
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| 11 | |
How many phases of the Moon are there?
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| | A) | five |
| | B) | eight |
| | C) | seven |
| | D) | ten |
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| 12 | |
What does Earth's rotation cause?
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| | A) | the seasons |
| | B) | a year |
| | C) | eclipses |
| | D) | day and night |
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| 13 | |
Why doesn't Earth's orbit cause seasonal temperature changes on Earth?
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| | A) | The change in distance occurs at the same time as the seasons, so we don't notice the change. |
| | B) | The change in distance is actually minimal. Earth's tilted axis is the real cause of seasons on Earth. |
| | C) | The change in distance is the real cause of seasons on Earth. |
| | D) | Even though Earth's orbit is an ellipse, the change in distance from the Sun is only an optical illusion. |
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| 14 | |
During a total solar eclipse, what is the darkest portion of the Moon's shadow called?
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| | A) | the umbra |
| | B) | a moon spot |
| | C) | the upper mantle |
| | D) | the penumbra |
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| 15 | |
The same side of the Moon always faces Earth __________.
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| | A) | because the motion of the Sun through the solar system and Earth's rotation on its axis take the same amount of time. |
| | B) | because the motion of the Moon's revolution around Earth and its rotation on its axis take the same amount of time |
| | C) | because the motion of Earth's revolution around the Sun and its rotation on its axis take the same amount of time |
| | D) | because the motion of Earth's revolution around the Sun and the Moon's rotation on its axis take the same amount of time |
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| 16 | |
What kind of information did Clementine bring back about the Moon?
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| | A) | The crust on the side of the Moon facing Earth is thinner than the other side. |
| | B) | There is ice on one portion of the Moon, which would be ideal for a Moon colony. |
| | C) | information for a global map of the Moon |
| | D) | all answers are correct |
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| 17 | |
Why does the Moon appear to be a dark, reddish color during a Lunar Eclipse?
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| | A) | because Earth's atmosphere changes the color of the Sun's light |
| | B) | because the Moon receives direct sunlight from the Sun during a lunar eclipse. |
| | C) | because Earth's atmosphere intensifies the Sun's light onto the Moon |
| | D) | because Earth's atmosphere bends the Sun's light onto the Moon |
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| 18 | |
When the northern hemisphere experiences summer, it's __________.
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| | A) | lined exactly perpendicular to the Sun |
| | B) | closer to the Sun |
| | C) | tilted toward the Sun |
| | D) | tilted away from the Sun |
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| 19 | |
What only can occur during a full moon?
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| | A) | waxing crescent |
| | B) | a lunar eclipse |
| | C) | third quarter moon |
| | D) | a solar eclipse |
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| 20 | |
Which phase of the Moon occurs when the moon is between Earth and the Sun?
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| | A) | waning crescent |
| | B) | new moon |
| | C) | waxing gibbous |
| | D) | full moon |
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