Earth Science: Earth Materials and Processes, Book F

Chapter 5: Earthquakes

Earthquakes

1.
The Mercalli Intensity Scale measures an earthquake's __________.
A)duration
B)magnitude
C)strength
D)level of destruction
2.
One rock surface hanging over an adjacent rock surface might indicate that __________ fault action has occurred.
A)reverse
B)strike-slip
C)compression
D)normal
3.
Readings need to be taken from at least __________ to determine the origin of an earthquake.
A)three stations
B)two stations
C)one station
D)four stations
4.
A(n) __________ is caused by underwater earthquakes.
A)epicenter
B)seismogram
C)tsunami
D)Moho
5.
The place where an earthquake originates is called the __________.
A)epicenter
B)focus
C)tsunami
D)fault line
6.
Which layer of Earth is plasticlike?
A)inner core
B)upper mantle
C)crust
D)outer core
7.
The San Andreas Fault is the largest fault of this kind in California.
A)strike-slip
B)reverse
C)normal
D)compression
8.
Rocks sliding past each other are a display of __________ forces.
A)tension
B)normal
C)compression
D)shear
9.
Earthquakes are more likely to occur in __________.
A)northern Russia
B)northern Africa
C)every location equally
D)western South America
10.
Earthquakes occur when rocks __________.
A)bend
B)break
C)compress
D)stretch
11.
Forces of __________ result in rocks being stretched apart.
A)normal
B)tension
C)compression
D)shear
12.
__________ faults are formed by forces of tension.
A)Reverse
B)Compression
C)Normal
D)Strike-slip
13.
Which type of seismic wave travels the fastest?
A)tsunami
B)secondary
C)surface
D)primary
14.
A __________ is used to measure seismic waves.
A)seismograph
B)seismogram
C)barometer
D)seismologist
15.
Which of the following statements about earthquake magnitude or strength is true?
A)The amount of energy released by an earthquake increases at the same rate as the rate of magnitude (1.0 to 1.0).
B)For each 1.0 increase in magnitude, the amount of energy released increases by more than 30 times.
C)Earthquakes measured at high magnitudes occur more frequently than those at low magnitudes.
D)Earthquake magnitude or strength is measured by the Mercalli scale.
16.
A person who studies earthquakes is called a(n) __________.
A)astronomer
B)meteorologist
C)seismologist
D)cartographer
17.
When __________ occurs due to shaking from an earthquake, solids like wet soil can act more like liquids.
A)Moho
B)petrification
C)liquefaction
D)elasticity
18.
What happens as seismic waves reach the Mohorovicic discontinuity, or Moho?
A)They slow down because they are moving to a less dense area.
B)They slow down because they are moving to a denser layer.
C)They speed up because they are moving to a less dense layer.
D)They speed up because they are moving to a denser layer.
19.
__________ waves produce the most earthquake destruction.
A)Surface
B)Secondary
C)Tsunami
D)Primary
20.
Mountains are formed on the __________.
A)outer core
B)upper mantle
C)crust
D)inner core
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