Physical Science: Motion, Forces, and Energy, Book M

Chapter 6: Thermal Energy

Thermal Energy

1.
Which of the following is the result of convection?
A)water boiling in a copper teakettle
B)Earth heated by the Sun
C)rain forests near the equator
D)snow melting in your hand
2.
The energy required to change a liquid to a gas is __________.
A)heat of vaporization
B)boiling point
C)heat of fusion
D)heat of sublimation
3.
The __________ of a substance is the temperature at which a solid begins to liquefy.
A)heat of vaporization
B)melting point
C)boiling point
D)heat of fusion
4.
Which of the following statements about thermal energy transfer is true?
A)The Sun is the only source of radiation.
B)Convection takes place most easily in solids.
C)When heat is transferred by conduction, particles collide but remain in the same location.
D)Convection does not occur naturally.
5.
__________ is a measure of the average kinetic energy of all the particles in an object.
A)Radiation
B)Temperature
C)Density
D)Conduction
6.
__________ is the transfer of energy in the form of electromagnetic waves.
A)Convection
B)Radiation
C)Refraction
D)Conduction
7.
You are plannning an experiment that must be conducted at a room temperature of 25°C. What temperature setting on the room thermostat should you select, if it uses the Fahrenheit scale?
A)77
B)70
C)68
D)46
8.
The opposite of evaporation is __________.
A)radiation
B)conduction
C)convection
D)condensation
9.
Thermal energy is the __________ of the particles in a material.
A)average kinetic energy
B)temperature
C)potential energy
D)total energy
10.
Which of the following is a form of matter?
A)air
B)light
C)heat
D)energy
11.
The transfer of energy through matter by the direct contact of particles is called __________.
A)convection
B)conduction
C)radiation
D)confluence
12.
The amount of energy needed to change a substance from a solid phase to a liquid phase is __________.
A)heat of fusion
B)heat of vaporization
C)melting point
D)heat of transformation
13.
Which of the following statements is true?
A)At 0°C, molecules have no kinetic energy.
B)Absolute zero is the lowest possible temperature.
C)Absolute zero is equal to 0°Celsius.
D)The equation for converting from Celsius to Kelvin is: °C = K + 273.
14.
What is the basis for the way a mercury thermometer measures temperature?
A)Molecular collisions cause the mercury to expand.
B)The pressure of the surrounding material increases the potential energy of the mercury.
C)As the kinetic energy of the liquid mercury decreases, its volume increases.
D)Forced convection occurs and the level of the mercury rises.
15.
__________ is an increase in the size of a substance when the temperature is increased.
A)Thermal expansion
B)Kinetic fusion
C)Diffusion
D)Buoyancy
16.
Which of the following conducts heat most effectively?
A)gas
B)solid
C)liquid
D)plasma
17.
A material with which of the following specific heats will require the least heat to change its temperature?
A)1000 J/(kg K)
B)10 J/(kg K)
C)100 J/(kg K)
D)50 J/(kg K)
18.
__________ is the transfer of energy by the motion of heated particles in a gas or liquid.
A)Collision
B)Conduction
C)Convection
D)Radiation
19.
If the particles in an object begin to move more quickly, their average kinetic energy __________ and the object's temperature __________.
A)increases, rises
B)decreases, rises
C)decreases, falls
D)increases, falls
20.
__________ is the thermal energy that flows from a material with a higher temperature to one with a lower temperature.
A)Potential energy
B)Kinetic energy
C)Heat
D)Work