Glencoe Biology

Chapter 12: Molecular Genetics

Chapter Test Practice

1
The structure of DNA is described as a ___ formed by two strands of nucleotides.
A)double helix
B)single spiral
C)polymerase chain
D)protein molecule
2
A ____ often controls the transcription of prokaryote genes.
A)hox gene
B)interfering RNA
C)operon
D)protein complex
3
A process called ____ uses the code carried by messenger RNA for protein synthesis.
A)translation
B)transcription
C)unwinding
D)elongation
4
The enzyme ____ catalyzes the addition of nucleotides to the DNA strand.
A)uracil
B)adenine
C)DNA polymerase
D)segmental ligase
5
The mutation shown here causes ____.

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A)nucleotide syndrome
B)fragile X syndrome
C)abnormally high intelligence
D)replication disease
6
The three-base code in DNA or messenger RNA is called a ____.
A)polymerase chain
B)translation
C)codon
D)transfer RNA
7
What are the small segments synthesized in the lagging strand of DNA?
A)ligases
B)adenines
C)Okazaki fragments
D)helixes
8
What controls differentiation to determine an organism's body plan?
A)lac operon
B)protein complex
C)polymerase
D)hox genes
9
What did Hershey and Chase discover using radioactive labeling?
A)Enzymes contain genetic material.
B)DNA and proteins contain genetic material.
C)Proteins contain genetic material.
D)DNA contains genetic material.
10
What difference in eukaryotic and prokaryotic replication is shown here?

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A)Prokaryotes do not replicate their DNA.
B)Prokaryotic replication occurs at multiple origins.
C)Eukaryotic replication occurs in only one direction.
D)Eukaryotic replication occurs at multiple origins.
11
What eukaryotic gene regulation is shown here?

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A)RNA interference
B)lac operon
C)trp operon
D)mutation
12
What genetic process is shown here?

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A)RNA replication
B)semiconservative replication
C)parent strand mutation
D)meiosis
13
What is synthesized to pass the DNA code to messenger RNA?
A)polymerase
B)messenger RNA
C)ligase
D)ribosome
14
What technique was used in taking the first images of DNA structure?
A)X-ray diffraction
B)radioactive labeling
C)DNA tracking
D)chromosomal photography
15
What type of bonds are broken during the unwinding stage of replication?
A)hydrogen in bases
B)hydrogen in polymerase
C)sulfur in ligase
D)carbon
16
Which of these are not one of the nitrogenous bases in DNA nucleotides?
A)adenine
B)uracil
C)guanine
D)thymine
17
Which of these is not a function of eukaryotic transcription factors?
A)control rate of transcription
B)ensure gene is used at right time
C)stabilize binding of RNA polymerase
D)prevent messenger RNA from translating
18
Which of these is not an aspect of the central dogma of biology?
A)DNA and RNA control protein synthesis
B)DNA codes for RNA
C)DNA and RNA are in living things
D)genetic material is found in protein
19
Which substance shown here, binds to the site where messenger RNA will be synthesized?

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A)RNA polymerase
B)template DNA strand
C)nucleotide
D)adenine
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