Glencoe Earth Science

Chapter 10: Plate Tectonics

Plate Tectonics

1
What do scientists believe is the force behind the plate tectonics theory?
A)the Sun's gravity
B)the movement of the planets
C)gravity slab pull
D)convection currents
2
How do scientists use sound waves to figure out the shape of the ocean floor?
A)The longer it takes a sound wave to return to the ship, the more shallow the water is.
B)The longer it takes a sound wave to return to the ship, the colder the water is.
C)The longer it takes a sound wave to return to the ship, the deeper the water is.
D)The less time it takes a sound wave to return to the ship, the deeper the water is.
3
How can Earth's plates move?
A)They only can move toward each other.
B)They only converge or diverge.
C)They can collide, pull apart, or slide against each other.
D)They only collide or slide along each other.
4
Why was the discovery of no rocks older than 2 billion years old on the ocean floor so important?
A)This evidence proved that new seafloor features are constantly being added due to seafloor spreading.
B)This evidence proved that the rocks on the seafloor were older than rocks on continents.
C)This evidence proved that new seafloor features are constantly being added due to reversals of Earth's magnetic field.
D)This evidence proved that new seafloor features are constantly being added due to continental drift.
5
What is Pangaea?
A)the largest fault found on Earth
B)Earth's inner core
C)the large landmass that all continents are currently forming
D)the large landmass in which all continents once were connected
6
How do scientists explain the formation of underwater mountain ranges?
A)strike-slip faults
B)seafloor spreading
C)continental drift
D)convection currents
7
What are strike-slip faults?
A)a boundary where rocks on opposite sides of the fault move in opposite or the same directions at different rates
B)a boundary where rocks in the fault never move
C)a boundary where rocks move in the same directions at the same rate
D)a boundary where rocks on the same side of the fault move in the same direction, but at different rates
8
How can crust disappear at the edge of a boundary?
A)Gravity is pulling it down.
B)The other edge of the boundary is being pulled into Earth's core.
C)It is too dense and is sinking into Earth.
D)because new crust is being added to the other edge of the boundary
9
What is a transform boundary?
A)A transform boundary is when two plates pull away from each other.
B)A transform boundary is when two plates slide past one another.
C)A transform boundary is when two plates move toward each other.
D)A transform boundary is when two plates collide.
10
Do two colliding continental plates always cause volcanoes?
A)Yes, subduction always occurs when continental plates collide.
B)No, usually no subduction occurs when continental plates collide.
C)No, earthquakes always occur when two continental plates collide.
D)Yes, subduction always occurs when oceanic plates collide.
11
What happens to rock around a subducting slab?
A)It combines with the other rock.
B)It goes over the other plate.
C)It goes under the other plate.
D)It disappears from Earth.
12
What does plate tectonics cause?
A)forms mountains
B)all answers are correct
C)forms ocean basins
D)causes volcanoes
13
What evidence proved that South America, Africa, India, and Australia were once covered by glaciers?
A)cold climates
B)enormous valleys formed by glaciers
C)leftover portions of glaciers
D)glacial deposits and rock surfaces scarred by glaciers
14
Who first proposed the theory of continental drift?
A)Harry Hess
B)Alfred Wegener
C)Galileo Galilee
D)Albert Einstein
15
What is the continental drift theory?
A)the belief that continents have quickly moved apart to their current locations on Earth
B)the belief that continents have moved slowly apart to their current locations on Earth
C)the belief that continents have always been located at their current locations on Earth
D)the belief that continents are moving slowly together from their current locations on Earth
16
What clue supported the continental drift theory?
A)a puzzle-like fit of all the continents
B)all answers are correct
C)Similar rock structures have been found on different continents.
D)Fossils of animals have been found on continents separated by oceans.
17
What kind of movement created the Himalaya Mountains?
A)divergent boundaries
B)erosion
C)compressional forces
D)reversals of Earth's magnetic field
18
What is the lithosphere?
A)the plates that make up the crust and the upper part of the mantle
B)the plates that make up the crust
C)large, flat stones sitting on top of malleable magma
D)the upper part of the mantle
19
What is the difference between normal faults and rift valleys?
A)Rift valleys are formed from normal faults.
B)Rift valleys sometimes occur near normal faults, but their formation is not related to these faults.
C)Normal faults occur in the northern hemisphere, but rift valleys only occur in the southern hemisphere.
D)Rift valley formation has nothing to do with normal faults.
20
A divergent boundary is a boundary between two plates that __________.
A)move toward each other
B)move away from each other
C)converge
D)slide along each other
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