Physics Principles and Problems 2009

Chapter 13: States of Matter

Chapter Test Practice

1
Which state of matter is the most common in the universe?
A)solid
B)gas
C)liquid
D)plasma
2
As water cools below 4°C, what happens?
A)it changes to an amorphous solid
B)it contracts
C)it melts
D)it expands
3
What causes air pressure?
A)air particles vaporize
B)air particles flow through an object
C)air particles hit an object
D)air particles suck away from an object
4
What are the four stages of matter in order from least kinetic energy to most kinetic energy?
A)plasma, gas, liquid, solid
B)plasma, solid, gas, liquid
C)solid, liquid, gas, plasma
D)solid, liquid, plasma, gas
5
What are the particles in plasma?
A)free nuclear particles of protons, neutrons, and electrons
B)positively charged ions and negatively charged electrons
C)negatively charged ions and positively charged protons
D)free neutrons
6
__________ have no definite shape and flow.
A)Crystals
B)Solids
C)Metals
D)Fluids
7
Pressure is measured as __________.
A)FA
B)F/A
C)A/F
D)F + A
8
A particle is moving so fast in a liquid that it escapes the liquid's cohesive force. This is an example of __________.
A)condensation
B)sublimation
C)evaporation
D)melting
9
Surface tension is a result of __________ in a fluid.
A)nuclear forces
B)adhesive forces
C)cohesive forces
D)kinetic forces
10
__________ is the force that acts between particles of different substances.
A)Rehesion
B)Cohesion
C)Elasticity
D)Adhesion
11
Which of the following does pressure in water not depend on?
A)depth
B)density
C)shape
D)gravity
12
The buoyant force is in which direction?
A)toward higher pressures
B)upward
C)circular
D)downward
13

In the figure below, if the chunk of steel were cut in half and one of the pieces were placed in the same liquid, how would it behave?

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A)It would float mostly submerged.
B)It would sink to the bottom of the container.
C)There is insufficient information to answer the question.
D)It would float almost entirely above the surface.
14

If you wanted to use a setup like the one in the figure below to create an upward force triple that of the downward force you exert, which of the following combination of piston radii could accomplish this?

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A)r1, 3 m; r2, 1 m
B)r1, 0.577 m; r2, 1 m
C)r1, 0.333 m; r2, 1 m
D)r1, 1.73 m; r2, 1 m
15
To rise in water, a fish uses its air bladder to __________.
A)displace more water
B)increase water pressure
C)increase air pressure
D)displace less water
16
__________ states that any change in pressure applied to any point on a confined fluid is transmitted undiminished throughout the fluid.
A)Boyle's law
B)Pascal's principle
C)Galileo's law
D)Dalton's law
17

If you wanted to use a setup like the one in the figure bellow to create an upward force triple that of the downward force you exert, which of the following combination of piston areas could accomplish this?

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A)A1, 6 m2; A2,10 m2
B)A1, 6 m2; A2, 18 m2
C)A1, 6 m2; A2, 2 m2
D)A1, 6 m2; A2, 8 m2
18
What type of buoyancy results in a feeling of weightlessness?
A)positive
B)neutral
C)changing
D)negative
19
Why does ice float?
A)It is an amorphous solid.
B)It has strong cohesive properties.
C)It has a lower density than water.
D)It has a higher density than water.
20
Which is an example of Pascal's principle?
A)a straw
B)hydroplaning wheels
C)hydraulic brakes
D)a siphon
21
According to Archimedes' principle, an object immersed in fluid has an upward force on it equal to __________.
A)the weight of the fluid displaced
B)the weight of all the fluid in the container
C)the weight of the fluid displaced minus the weight of the object
D)the weight of the object
22
What happens to a bimetallic strip when it is heated?
A)it becomes elastic
B)its cohesive properties decrease
C)it bends
D)it contracts
23
Why is it important to take thermal expansion into account when building bridges?
A)so the bridge will not move at all
B)so the bridge materials expand and contract with the changes in weather
C)so the bridge materials can change state as the weather changes
D)so the bridge materials don't deteriorate
24
Amorphous solids have no __________.
A)volume
B)liquid phase
C)crystalline pattern
D)shape
25
In terms of the kinetic-molecular theory, why do substances expand when heated?
A)The particles vibrate less and push other particles away.
B)The particles on the surface vibrate faster.
C)The particles vibrate more, causing air pressure to compress the substance.
D)The particles vibrate more and push other particles away.
26
Which example demonstrates elasticity?
A)a snapping rubber band
B)a bent iron bar
C)a broken stick
D)a melted stick of butter
27
If an iron bar expands 0.1 cm when heated 20°C, how much would it expand if it were heated 40°C?
A)1 cm
B)0.1 cm
C)0.05 cm
D)0.2 cm
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