Physics Principles and Problems 2009

Chapter 9: Momentum and Its Conservation

Standardized Test Practice

1
Two skaters, Evelyn and Lily, face each other on near frictionless ice. Evelyn has a mass of 57.4 kg, and Lily has a mass of 48.3 kg. Bothe are motionless until they push away with a force of 33 N. Then Evelyn has a velocity of 1.4 m/s. What is Lily's velocity?
  Need a Hint?
A)-1.7 m/s
B)-2.0 m/s
C)-2.4 m/s
D)-2.8 m/s
2
The angular momentum of a spinning wheel decreases from 8.4 kg·m2/s to 4.7 kg·m2/s over a period of 2.1 s. What magnitude of angular impulse slowed the wheel?
A)0.57 kg · m2/s
B)1.7 kg · m2/s
C)3.7 kg · m2/s
D)7.8 kg · m2/s
3
A 0.068-kg ball strikes a wall with a velocity of 22.1 m/s. The wall stops the ball in 0.36 s. What force does the wall exert to stop the ball?
A)-2.4 N
B)-4.2 N
C)-5.3 N
D)-12 N
4
A 945-kg car is moving along a straight highway with a speed of 98 km/h. The driver applies the brakes and reduces the car's speed to 36 km/h in 8.5 s What is the impulse on the car?
A)-1.9×103 N · s
B)-6.9×103 N · s
C)-1.6×104 N · s
D)-3.4×104 N · s
5
A rolling white billiard ball strikes a stationary black billiard ball. If the white billiard ball continues to move in the same direction after it strikes the black billiard ball, which best describes the black billiard ball's momentum just after the collision?
A)Nothing can be determined regarding the black billiard ball's momentum just after the collision. There is too little information.
B)The black billiard ball's momentum just after the collision is equal to the white billiard ball's momentum just before the collision.
C)The black billiard ball's momentum just after the collision is less than the white billiard ball's initial momentum. Both billiard balls are moving in the same direction after the collision.
D)The black billiard ball's speed after the collision is less than the white billiard ball's initial speed, but direction cannot be determined.
6
A 2100-kg car is traveling at 25 m/s when it crashes into the rear end of a 1650-kg car traveling at 21 m/s in the same direction on nearly frictionless ice. The two cars become stuck together and slide on the ice. How fast do the two cars move together immediately after the collision?
A)23 m/s
B)22 m/s
C)21 m/s
D)18 m/s
7
Two hockey players, Z and X, are standing face-to-face and stationary on the ice. Skater Z has a mass of 72.5 kg. Skater X has a mass of 65.3 kg. Skater Z shoves Skater X. Which statement below best represents the skaters' momenta after the shove?
  Need a Hint?
A)The momenta of the skaters after the shove are equal in magnitude but opposite in direction. Skater Z's motion is an example of recoil.
B)The momenta of the skaters after the shove are equal in magnitude and in direction.
C)Skater Z's and Skater X's momenta are both in the same direction after the shove.
D)The magnitude of skater Z's momentum is greater than the magnitude of skater X's momentum after the shove.
8
The diagram shows a car traveling north colliding with a car traveling east. After the collision, the cars stick together and move off in another direction. What is the magnitude of the cars' final momentum?

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A)5.96×104 kg · m/s
B)1.19×104 kg · m/s
C)3.13×104 kg · m/s
D)3.17×104 kg · m/s
9
At what angle north of east is the cars' direction of motion after the collision?

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A)36.5°
B)38.2°
C)39.8°
D)53.4°
10
Analyze the collision of a baseball with a bat. During which portion of the collision does the baseball's velocity reach zero?
A)Before the collision
B)During the collision
C)One second after the collision
D)One-hundredth of a second after the collision
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