The Science of Psychology: An Appreciative View, 1st Edition (King)

Chapter 8: Memory

Multiple Choice Quiz

1
Memory is better when encoding happens at which level of processing?
A)shallow level
B)intermediate level
C)deepest level
D)elaboration level
2
The Atkinson-Shiffrin theory of memory includes
A)attention, processing, and elaboration.
B)sensory memory, short-term memory, and long-term memory.
C)the phonological loop, visuospatial working memory, and the central executive.
D)episodic memory, semantic memory, and implicit memory.
3
Most people can keep _____ items in their short-term memory.
A)5 ± 2
B)7
C)8
D)7 ± 2
4
What type of information is stored in the phonological loop?
A)visual information
B)auditory information
C)speech-based information
D)spatial information
5
Your memory of Civil War history is an example of what type of memory?
A)working memory
B)episodic memory
C)semantic memory
D)short-term memory
6
Your ability to use the mouse on computer is an example of what type of memory?
A)episodic
B)explicit
C)priming
D)procedural
7
When two neurons are activated at the same time, the connection between them will increase; this is called
A)parallel distributed processing.
B)semantic networking.
C)long-term potentiation.
D)the serial position effect.
8
The primacy effect is thought to occur because
A)items stay in working memory longer.
B)items were presented more recently.
C)of long-term potentiation.
D)items are less rehearsed.
9
Remembering is better when a person's mood at encoding is similar to their mood at retrieval. This is an example of
A)context-dependent memory.
B)state-dependent memory.
C)the primacy effect.
D)the recency effect.
10
Problems remembering something may be the result of not storing the information in memory in the first place; this phenomenon is called
A)retrieval failure.
B)encoding failure.
C)interference.
D)transience.
11
A person who cannot create new memories
A)has retrograde amnesia.
B)has anterograde amnesia.
C)has problems with explicit memory.
D)has problems with implicit memory.
12
A student is studying for a philosophy exam. She is trying to remember a list of philosophy concepts and associates each one with a personal event in her life. Which of the following is she employing?
A)intermediate level of processing
B)imagery
C)elaboration
D)chunking
13
_____ refers to a person's memories about himself or herself, whereas _____ refers to a person’s memories about the world.
A)Working memory, short-term memory
B)Explicit memory, implicit memory
C)Encoding, retention
D)Episodic memory, semantic memory
14
A middle-school teacher places words such as "calm"and "success" on the walls of his classroom to impact the behavior and achievement of his students. What memory process is he using?
A)implicit memory
B)explicit memory
C)mnemonics
D)priming
15
Which theory of long-term memory organization focuses on interconnected nodes that either excite or inhibit one another?
A)hierarchies
B)semantic networks
C)schemas
D)connectionist networks
16
Smells can evoke vivid memories because the olfactory cortex links to the _____, which is associated with memory.
A)amygdala
B)hippocampus
C)thalamus
D)reticular formation
17
A student's class always met in room 100. However, when that student took the final exam, the class met in room 317. The student experienced memory problems at the final exam. What could account for the student's memory problems?
A)context-dependent memory
B)state-dependent memory
C)priming
D)motivated forgetting
18
In high school, a student took German; however, she decided to take Russian in college. She finds that she is having trouble learning to speak Russian because she keeps using German words instead of Russian words. What type of problem is she experiencing?
A)retroactive interference
B)proactive interference
C)decay
D)transience
19
How are a schema and a script different?
A)A schema focuses on episodic memory, whereas a script focuses on semantic memory.
B)A script is a specific type of schema that focuses on events, whereas other types of schemas focus on a variety of experiences.
C)A script is more accurate than a schema.
D)A schema is related to encoding, whereas a script is related to retrieval.
20
Which type of memory is retrieved unconsciously?
A)explicit memory
B)implicit memory
C)semantic memory
D)episodic memory
King: The Science of Psychology large cover image
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