Zoology, 8th Edition (Miller)

Chapter 20: Reptiles: Nonavian Diapsid Aminiotes

Quiz



1.

The major synapomorphy that distinguishes reptiles, birds, and mammals from other tetrapods is
A)the amniotic egg.
B)epidermal scales.
C)anapsid skull.
D)endothermy.
2.

In addition to the birds, this order contains the only extant species from the Archosaurian lineage.
A)Testudines
B)Crocodilia
C)Pterosauria
D)Squamata
3.

A synapsid skull was characteristic of a group of reptiles called synapsids. This group gave rise to
A)modern reptiles.
B)birds.
C)mammals.
D)no other group of animals.
4.

Cladistic analysis of the amniote lineage indicates that the class Reptilia should probably be abandoned because of the close relationship between the birds and the
A)anapsid lineage (including modern turtles).
B)Archosauria (a diapsid lineage including modern crocodiles and dinosaurs).
C)Lepidosauria (a diapsid lineage including lizards and Sphenodon).
D)synapsid lineage (including mammal-like reptiles and modern mammals).
5.

The class Reptilia is
A)monophyletic.
B)paraphyletic.
C)polyphyletic.
D)tetraphyletic.
6.

The lizards and snakes belong to the order
A)Testudines.
B)Crocodilia.
C)Rhynchocephalia.
D)Squamata.
7.

The turtles belong to the order
A)Testudines.
B)Crocodilia.
C)Rhynchocephalia.
D)Squamata.
8.

The dorsal portion of the shell of a turtle is the
A)plastron.
B)carapace.
C)fenestra.
D)diaphysis.
9.

A kind of bone that makes up long bones of a vertebrate and has a cartilaginous stage in development is called
A)epidermal bone.
B)dermal bone.
C)endochondral bone.
D)embryonic bone.
10.

Three of the following are true of scales of a fish. One of the following is true of scales of a reptile. Select the statement that is true of reptilian scales.
A)They form in the epidermis of the skin.
B)They are composed, in part, of bone.
C)They are covered by enamel.
D)They contain dentine.
11.

The evolution of this group has resulted in the reduction or loss of the left lung and displacement of the gallbladder, the right kidney and often the gonads.
A)turtles
B)lizards
C)snakes
D)crocodiles
12.

The __________ allows an alligator to breathe when its mouth is full of water or food.
A)secondary palate
B)Jacobson's organs
C)pit organs
D)plastron
13.

All of the following statements regarding reptile hearts are true except one. Select the exception.
A)The ventricle is partially divided in reptiles other than the crocodiles.
B)The conus arteriosus leads to the ventral aorta.
C)The sinus venosus is a functional chamber only in the turtles.
D)Two atria are present.
14.

Most reptiles excrete ______ as their primary nitrogenous waste product.
A)ammonia
B)urea
C)uric acid
D)creatine
15.

_____________ of a vipers' skull allow these snakes to swallow any size prey, even those much larger than their mouth opening.
A)The secondary palate
B)Moveable bones of the upper jaw
C)Fangs near the back of the jaw
D)Hinged maxillary bones
16.

The archosaur lineage of reptiles is shared with members of the class
A)Mammalia.
B)Aves.
C)Amphibia.
D)Osteichthyes.
17.

Which of the following animals does not have a diapsid skull?
A)painted turtle
B)flamingo
C)bull snake
D)iguana lizard
18.

Mammals are derived from the synapsid lineage.
A)True
B)False
19.

Members of the subclass Anapsida lack openings in the temporal region of the skull and include the mammal-like reptiles and the mammals.
A)True
B)False
20.

The Cretaceous\Tertiary boundary is marked by an evolutionary explosion that resulted in the adaptive radiation of reptiles.
A)True
B)False
21.

A secondary palate, first seen in reptiles, is a plate of bone that separates the nasal passages from the mouth cavity.
A)True
B)False
22.

Loosely joined upper and lower jaws, loosely joined skull bones, a moveable upper jaw, and a glottis that is positioned near the front of the mouth are all adaptations of snakes for swallowing prey.
A)True
B)False
23.

Olfactory receptors located in pouches that open through the secondary palate of many reptiles are called pit organs.
A)True
B)False
24.

Snakes possess a well-developed middle ear cavity, auditory tube, and tympanic membrane. All of these structures give snakes a sensitive apparatus for detecting air-borne vibrations.
A)True
B)False
25.

Many reptiles store water in lymphatic spaces under the skin and in the urinary bladder. Many lizards possess salt glands below the eyes for ridding the body of excess salt.
A)True
B)False
26.

Most reptiles use internal heat sources for temperature regulation and are, therefore, endotherms.
A)True
B)False
27.

The median (parietal) eye of reptiles is an outgrowth of the forebrain. When it is present, it is used as a third, image-forming sensory receptor.
A)True
B)False
28.

There are no living tuatara species.
A)True
B)False
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