Human Genetics: Concepts and Applications (Lewis), 9th Edition

Chapter 17: Genetics of Immunity

Practice Tests

1
Which blood type can be transfused to an individual whose blood type is unknown?
A)AB+
B)AB-
C)O+
D)O-
2
A couple expecting their second child is worried about Rh incompatibility. Their first child was Rh+. They have their blood typed. Which result would be cause for alarm?
A)both parents Rh-
B)both parents Rh+
C)man Rh- and woman Rh+
D)man Rh+ and woman Rh-
3
Antigen-presenting cells are typically _____.
A)epitopes
B)macrophages
C)B cells
D)mast cells
4
Which of the following is unique to an RNA virus?
A)protein coat
B)reverse transcriptase
C)presence of an outer envelope
D)use of host cell's energy resources
5
Antibiotics are useful against _____.
A)autoimmune diseases
B)bacteria
C)viruses
D)All of the above
6
Which of the following is used to determine blood type?
A)ABO blood antigen locus
B)Rh factors
C)Lewis antigen
D)All of the above
7
The identification proteins on the surface of cells belong to a class of molecules called the _____.
A)cytokines
B)Rh factors
C)major histocompatibility complex
D)ABO antigen locus
8
Which of the following is not part of the nonspecific, innate defense?
A)phagocytosis
B)antibodies
C)inflammatory response
D)fever
9
______ are cytokines that cause fever, temporarily maintaining a higher body temperature.
A)Interferons
B)Interleukins
C)Tumor necrosis factors
D)Collectins
10
The specialized ends or tips of the variable regions of antibodies are called _____.
A)interleukins
B)heavy chains
C)antigen binding sites
D)idiotypes
11
Helper T cells secrete ____, which stimulate white blood cells in the bone marrow to mature.
A)interleukins
B)interferons
C)colony stimulating factors
D)tumor necrosis factors
12
____ cells coordinate acquired immune responses.
A)Helper T
B)Cytotoxic T
C)Plasma
D)Memory B
13
A(n) ____ is a multisubunit protein produced by B cells that binds to foreign substances and alters components of the immune system.
A)antibody
B)cytokine
C)antigen
D)None of the above
14
T cells (without B cells) are responsible for the ____ response.
A)humoral immune
B)cellular immune
C)inherited immune
D)progressive immune
15
B cells secrete _____.
A)cytokines
B)antibodies
C)antigens
D)helper T cells
16
Which antibody type protects against bacteria, viruses, and toxins, especially in secondary immune responses?
A)IgA
B)IgD
C)IgE
D)IgG
17
Which of the following is a cytokine?
A)interferon
B)interleukin
C)tumor necrosis factor
D)All of the above
18
Allergens stimulate the production of ____ antibodies that bind to mast cells, causing them to release allergy mediators.
A)IgA
B)IgD
C)IgE
D)IgG
19
Severe combined immune deficiencies affect which branch of the immune system?
A)humoral
B)cellular
C)both
D)neither
20
Mutations encoding ____ cause inherited immune deficiencies.
A)cytokine genes
B)T cell receptors
C)antibody genes
D)All of the above
21
People who cannot produce a complete ____ protein resist HIV infection.
A)CD4
B)CCR5
C)cytotoxin
D)AIDS
22
Which of the below statements provides evidence suggesting that allergies may be a holdover of an immune function that was important in the past?
A)People with allergies have higher levels of eosinophils.
B)People with allergies have higher levels of T cells.
C)People with allergies have lower levels of eosinophils.
D)People with allergies have lower levels of T cells.
23
Monoclonal antibodies are produced by a fused cell consisting of _____.
A)a B cell and a T cell
B)a B cell and a cancer cell
C)a mast cell and a macrophage
D)None of the above
24
A transplant that occurs between identical twins is called a(n) _____.
A)autograft
B)isograft
C)allograft
D)xenograft
25
A transplant that occurs between species, such as a human and a pig, is called a(n) _____.
A)autograft
B)isograft
C)allograft
D)xenograft
26
Humoral immunity can be boosted using _____.
A)monoclonal antibody technology
B)treatment with interferon
C)treatment with interleukin-2
D)treatment with cytokines
27
A major advancement in transplantation technology occurred in 1984 when ____ from an animal nicknamed "Sweetie Pie" was used to keep Robert Pennington alive until he could receive a human organ transplant.
A)a baboon liver
B)baboon bone marrow
C)a pig liver
D)a baboon heart
28
Which of the following statements about crowd diseases is true?
A)Crowd diseases are very difficult to bring under control and may linger for many months.
B)The diseases that killed early Native Americans cannot be classified as crowd diseases.
C)Crowd diseases tend to pass from those who live in large societies to those who live in smaller, more isolated societies.
D)We don't expect new crowd diseases to emerge in the future.
29
Bioweapons ______.
A)have been used for centuries
B)employ pathogens to harm innocent people
C)are inexpensive and fairly easy to produce
D)All of the above are true regarding bioweapons.
30
____ is a type of cytokine that activates other protective biochemicals, destroys certain bacterial toxins, and attacks cancer cells.
A)Interleukin
B)Antigen
C)Tumor necrosis factor
D)Antibody
31
The part of an antibody that specifically binds foreign antigens at their epitopes is called the _____.
A)idiotype
B)heavy chain
C)collectin
D)complement
32
Vaccinating a substantial proportion of a population leads to ____; if the pathogen appears, it does not spread because so many people are protected.
A)xenografts
B)histamine
C)autoimmunity
D)herd immunity
33
In an autoimmune disease, the body manufactures autoantibodies against its own cells. Autoimmunity may result from _____.
A)a virus that incorporates and displays a self antigen
B)bacteria or cancer cells that have antigens that resemble self antigens
C)unselected T cells
D)lingering fetal cells
E)All of the above
34
A(n) ____ is the part of an antigen that an antibody binds.
A)epitope
B)antibody
C)isotype
D)major histocompatibility complex
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