Human Genetics: Concepts and Applications (Lewis), 9th Edition

Chapter 21: Reproductive Technologies

Practice Tests

1
Adam Nash was conceived partly to save his sister Molly's life. Molly suffers from Fanconi anemia, a disorder that _____.
A)leads to an increased incidence of cancer
B)can cause her immune system to not function properly
C)can cause infertility
D)leads to mental retardation
2
Infertility is the inability to conceive a child after ____ year(s) of frequent intercourse without the use of contraceptives.
A)1
B)2
C)3
D)5
3
Which is more critical to successful natural fertilization, sperm quality or sperm quantity?
A)sperm quality
B)sperm quantity
C)both are equally important
4
True or False. Immature sperm cells can be removed from a man's testes and injected into an oocyte resulting in fertilization.
A)True
B)False
5
An abnormally shaped uterus leads to _____.
A)an increase in the number of oocytes produced with abnormal chromosome numbers
B)spontaneous abortion
C)both a and b
D)unknown association
6
Male infertility can be caused by all of the following EXCEPT:
A)antibodies against his sperm.
B)endometriosis.
C)a varicose vein in the scrotum.
D)a malfunctioning prostate.
7
Approximately what fraction of couples have difficulty conceiving or giving birth?
A)1 in 3
B)1 in 6
C)1 in 8
D)1 in 10
8
In the majority of couples experiencing infertility, the problem is primarily in _____.
A)the male
B)the female
C)both the male and the female
D)The answer is unknown in the majority of cases.
9
Many couples now delay parenthood until they are in their 30's. This delay contributes to which cause of infertility?
A)ovulation problems
B)antisperm secretions
C)blocked fallopian tubes
D)more oocytes being produced with abnormal chromosome numbers
10
An underactive thyroid can lead to _____.
A)ovulation problems
B)antisperm secretions
C)blocked fallopian tubes
D)endometriosis
11
Approximately what fraction of males are infertile?
A)1 in 25
B)1 in 10
C)1 in 4
D)The number is unknown.
12
Most cases of ____ infertility are genetic.
A)male
B)female
C)Both male and female
13
Which of the following contributes to male infertility?
A)sperm motility problems
B)deletions in the Y chromosome
C)faulty apoptosis
D)All of the above
14
Which of the following contributes to female infertility?
A)blocked uterine tubes
B)irregular menstrual cycles
C)overproduction of prolactin
D)All of the above
15
Which assisted reproductive technology has been used for the longest time period?
A)intrauterine insemination
B)intracytoplasmic sperm injection
C)in vitro fertilization
D)gamete intrafallopian transfer
16
Which assisted reproductive technology places collected oocytes and sperm in the woman's fallopian tubes?
A)intrauterine insemination
B)intracytoplasmic sperm injection
C)in vitro fertilization
D)gamete intrafallopian transfer
17
Louise Joy Brown, the first test-tube baby, was conceived using which assisted reproductive technology?
A)intrauterine insemination
B)intracytoplasmic sperm injection
C)in vitro fertilization
D)gamete intrafallopian transfer
18
Oocytes can be frozen in liquid nitrogen. Which phase of the cell cycle are these cells in at the time of freezing?
A)meiosis, metaphase I
B)meiosis, metaphase II
C)mitosis, metaphase
D)meiosis or mitosis, interphase
19
Which of the following could be a potential drawback to freezing oocytes?
A)loss of chromosomal material
B)retention of a polar body
C)ice crystals that form can damage cell parts
D)All of the above
20
Preimplantation genetic diagnosis probes disease-causing genes or chromosome aberrations in a(n) ____ -celled embryo.
A)2
B)4
C)6
D)8
21
In vitro fertilization takes place ____ hours prior to analysis of the embryo in preimplantation genetic testing procedures.
A)24
B)45
C)52
D)78
22
A gestational mother provides only her _____.
A)oocyte
B)fallopian tube
C)uterus
D)All of the above
23
Men who have lower than normal sperm counts but who may still be able to father a child are termed ______.
A)hyplofertile
B)infertile
C)subfertile
D)suprafertile
24
Approximately ____ of infertile men have microdeletions in the Y chromosome.
A)5%
B)10%
C)15%
D)20%
25
Which technology would allow men with spinal cord injuries to become fathers?
A)IVF
B)GIFT
C)ICSI
D)ZIFT
26
Preimplantation genetic diagnosis has been used to _____.
A)help older couples have healthy babies
B)screen for disease-causing alleles
C)select for females to avoid an X-linked condition
D)All of the above answers are true.
27
Oocytes can be screened using a polar body biopsy because _____.
A)the polar body will have the same genetic complement as the oocyte
B)the polar body remains attached to the egg
C)polar bodies will always contain disease-causing alleles
D)polar bodies are larger than the oocytes
28
Physicians who specialize in infertility treatment can identify a physical cause in ____ of cases.
A)30%
B)60%
C)90%
D)100%
29
In male, low sperm count may be due to _____.
A)hormone imbalance
B)polycystic ovary syndrome
C)endometriosis
D)erratic ovulation
30
In females, causes of subfertility or infertility may be due to _____.
A)Y chromosome deletions
B)abnormal sperm shape
C)antisperm secretions
D)malfunctioning prostate
31
____ describes those individuals and couples who can conceive unaided, but for whom this may take longer than usual.
A)Infertility
B)Subfertility
C)Conception
D)Preimplantation
32
For ____, drugs are used to control timing of ovulation in order to perform a particular procedure.
A)GIFT
B)ICSI
C)ovulation induction
D)surrogate motherhood
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