Human Genetics: Concepts and Applications (Lewis), 9th Edition

Chapter 8: Genetics of Behavior

Practice Tests

1
Behavioral disorders may result from mutations in genes affecting _____.
A)neurotransmission
B)signal transduction
C)neuron variation
D)any of the above
2
Which of the following statements is true in the U.S. population?
A)Phobias are less prevalent than schizophrenia.
B)Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder is less prevalent than autism.
C)Eating disorders are less prevalent than Alzheimer disease.
D)Drug addiction is less prevalent than eating disorders.
3
The fatty sheath that coats the neuron extensions called axons is called _____.
A)the synapse
B)myelin
C)a neurotransmitter
D)myoglobin
4
The cells that produce factors to support and nurture neurons are called _____.
A)synaptic cells
B)neuroglia
C)neurotransmitter cells
D)support cells
5
Genes that regulate the neurotransmitter dopamine are the focus of research in which of the following disorders?
A)eating disorders
B)depression
C)bipolar disorder
D)ADHD
6
Which of the following statements is true regarding anorexia nervosa?
A)Only females suffer from anorexia.
B)Anorexia has the highest risk of death of any psychiatric disorder.
C)Genes whose products control appetite are not implicated in eating disorders.
D)All of the above are true regarding anorexia nervosa.
7
An individual with familial advanced sleep phase syndrome (FASPS) is likely to _____.
A)promptly fall asleep at the same time each night
B)fall asleep several times during the day
C)also suffer from cataplexy
D)have above average intelligence
8
The genes for narcolepsy were first identified in _____.
A)cats
B)dogs
C)humans
D)fruit flies
9
Studies of interactions between hypocretin and orexin are associated with which of the following diseases?
A)narcolepsy
B)ADHD
C)eating disorders
D)FASPS
10
Twin and adoptive studies suggest that the heritability of IQ _____.
A)stays the same through all age groups
B)decreases with age
C)increases with age
D)does not follow any particular trend
11
Which of the following statements is true regarding IQ?
A)Environmental impact on IQ increases with age.
B)A variant of a neural cellular adhesion molecule (N-CAM) gene correlates strongly with high IQ.
C)Very few chromosomal disorders affect intelligence.
D)None of the above are true.
12
Tolerance describes _____.
A)the severity of withdrawal symptoms when a person stops taking a drug
B)the need to take more of the drug to achieve the same effects as time goes on
C)the need to take less of a drug to achieve the same results
D)a measure of the toxicity of a drug
13
True or False. There are no legal addictive drugs.
A)True
B)False
14
Alcoholism variants may be associated with the A1 allele of a ____ receptor gene.
A)apolipoprotein
B)dopamine
C)leptin
D)melanocortin-4
15
Endorphins _____.
A)bind to receptors on human neurons
B)are the human equivalent of opiates
C)provide pain relief
D)All of the above are true regarding endorphins.
16
Which of the following statements is true regarding behavioral traits and disorders?
A)Behavioral traits are not influenced by the environment.
B)Some genes are implicated in more than one behavioral disorder.
C)Behavioral traits are never inherited.
D)Behavioral disorders are usually influenced by only one gene.
17
Major depressive disorder is _____.
A)associated with a single chromosomal site
B)less common than bipolar disorder
C)likely caused by deficits of serotonin, norepinephrine, or both
D)All of the above are true regarding major depressive disorders.
18
A genetic contribution to schizophrenia is suggested by the _____.
A)high heritability of this condition
B)high concordance between identical twins
C)both a and b
D)There is no evidence of a genetic influence.
19
Which of the following statements is true regarding schizophrenia?
A)Schizophrenia is related to low levels of serotonin or norepinephrine.
B)Chromosome 4 has been implicated in the occurrence of schizophrenia.
C)Schizophrenia is sometimes misdiagnosed as autism.
D)None of these statements is true regarding schizophrenia.
20
____ describe(s) the onset of withdrawal symptoms upon stopping the use of the drug.
A)Tolerance
B)Signal transduction
C)Phobias
D)Dependence
21
Because people tend to earn similar scores in all areas of IQ tests, psychologists hypothesized that a ____ must underlie the four basic skills that IQ encompasses.
A)neurotransmission
B)global intelligence ability (g)
C)neuron variation
D)test-taking skill
22
____ has two identifying characteristics: tolerance and dependence.
A)Intelligence
B)Depression
C)Schizophrenia
D)Drug addiction
23
____ affect(s) thinking and causes delusions and hallucinations, usually beginning in young adulthood.
A)Schizophrenia
B)Eating disorders
C)Mood disorders
D)Sleep disorders
24
Twin and heritability studies of eating disorders indicate a(n) ____ genetic contribution.
A)high
B)low
C)absent
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