Mader's Understanding Human Anatomy & Physiology (Longenbaker), 8th Edition

Chapter 19: Human Genetics

Multiple Choice Quiz

1
Which is the normal sex chromosome combination for a male?
A)XX
B)XY
C)YY
D)XXY
2
How many pairs of autosomes are inherited by a normal zygote?
A)2
B)22
C)23
D)44
E)46
3
A display of chromosomes arranged by size, shape, and banding patterns is a
A)genetic map.
B)pedigree.
C)karyotype.
D)paternity test.
4
An arrangement of an individual's chromosomes into numbered pairs according to their size, shape and banding pattern is a(n):
A)amniocentesis
B)chorionic villi sampling
C)karyotype
D)ultrasound
5
Identify a procedure for obtaining embryonic or fetal chromosomes that can be done as early as the fifth week of pregnancy.
A)chorionic villi sampling
B)amniocentesis
C)blood sampling
6
A karyotype is easiest to do with cells in
A)interphase.
B)prophase.
C)anaphase.
D)metaphase.
7
If homologous pairs of chromosomes or sister chromatids fail to separate in anaphase of mitosis or meiosis _____ will occur.
A)X-linking
B)polydactyly
C)crossing-over
D)nondisjunction
8
A person with only one X chromosome (XO) is _____ and has ______.
A)female; Jacobs syndrome.
B)female; Turner syndrome.
C)male; Klinefelter syndrome.
D)male; Jacobs syndrome.
9
A person with one Y chromosome and two or more X chromosomes is ____ and has ____.
A)female; Turner syndrome
B)female; poly-X
C)male; Klinefelter syndrome.
D)male; Jacobs syndrome
10
A person with two Y chromosomes and one X chromosome is ____ and has _____.
A)female; Turner syndrome
B)female; poly-X
C)male; Klinefelter syndrome
D)male; Jacobs syndrome
11
Trisomy 21 results in _____ syndrome.
A)Down
B)Jacobs
C)Klinefelter
D)Turner
12
A zygote that does not inherit an X chromosome is
A)male.
B)female.
C)non-viable.
13
A zygote that does not inherit a Y chromosome is
A)male.
B)female.
C)non-viable.
14
If nondisjunction occurs when producing sex cells, one sex cell will have _____ chromosomes and the other sex cell will have _____ chromosomes.
A)22; 24
B)23: 24
C)24; 24
D)45: 47
15
If a normal sperm fertilizes an ovum with 22 chromosomes, the resulting zygote will have
A)45 chromosomes and a monosomy.
B)46 chromosomes and normal.
C)47 chromosomes and a trisomy.
16
Pre-eclampsia is a medical condition characterized by _____ during pregnancy.
A)high blood glucose levels
B)high blood pressure
C)low blood glucose levels
D)low blood pressure
17
A gene controls for the production of a specific:
A)chromosome
B)cell
C)DNA molecule
D)protein
18
Alternate forms for a particular gene that affect the same trait are called:
A)alleles
B)chromosomes
C)DNA
D)loci
19
Typically, a dominant allele is represented by a(n):
A)Arabic numerals
B)lower case letter
C)Roman numerals
D)upper case letter
20
An individual is homozygous for brown eyes. This means that the individual has
A)only one gene for eye color and it is a gene for brown eyes
B)one gene for brown eyes and one gene for blue eyes
C)two genes for brown eyes
D)two genes blue eyes.
21
The specific genetic make-up of an individual is the _______ and the appearance of that genetic make-up is the _______.
A)alleles; trait
B)homozygous; heterozygous
C)heterozygous; homozygous
D)genotype; phenotype
22
If tall is dominant over short, the genotype TT is
A)homozygous dominant.
B)heterozygous.
C)homozygous recessive.
23
If brown eyes is dominant over blue eyes, the genotype Bb is
A)homozygous dominant.
B)heterozygous.
C)homozyous recessive.
24
If an individual has the genotype tt (T-tall), the phenotype will be
A)tall.
B)short.
C)in between tall and short.
25
An individual with a genotype of heterozygous will have the phenotype of the _____ trait.
A)dominant
B)recessive
C)neither
D)both
26
Identify the structures affected by cystic fibrosis.
A)heart and lungs
B)lungs and pancreas
C)liver and pancreas
D)lungs and spleen
27
Cystic fibrosis is a recessive disorder. Two parents are both carriers for cystic fibrosis. What is the chance that these parents will have a child with cystic fibrosis?
A)0%
B)25%
C)50%
D)100 %
28
Cystic fibrosis is a recessive disorder. One parent is carrier for cystic fibrosis. The other parent is homozygous for the normal condition. What is the chance that these parents will have a child with cystic fibrosis?
A)0%
B)25%
C)50%
D)100 %
29
The most common lethal genetic disorder among Caucasians in the United States is
A)Huntington disease
B)Hemophilia
C)Cystic fibrosis
D)Neurofibromatosis
30
Red-green colorblindness is an X-linked disorder. A female has red-green color blindness. What is the chance that her son's will be colorblind?
A)0%
B)50%
C)100%
D)It can not be determined without knowing the genotype of the father.
31
The most common autosomal abnormality is _________ .
A)poly-X
B)Turner syndrome
C)Down syndrome
D)cleft lip
32
Which of the following is NOT a dominant genetic disorder?
A)polydactyly
B)neurofibromatosis
C)cystic fibrosis
D)Huntington disease
33
Which of the following is NOT a recessive genetic disorder?
A)muscular dystrophy
B)sickle-cell anemia
C)galactosemia
D)Tay-Sachs disease
34
Which of the following is NOT an X-linked genetic disorder?
A)color blindness
B)spina bifida
C)hemophilia
D)muscular dystrophy
35
The insertion of genetic material into human cells to treat a genetic disorder is called
A)amniocentesis.
B)genetic mapping.
C)nondisjunction.
D)gene therapy.
36
What is the most common vector used to transport a gene into a cell?
A)a virus
B)a bacterium.
C)a needle.
D)a liposome.
37
What type of virus is most commonly used in gene therapy research?
A)retrovirus
B)adenovirus
C)adeno-associated virus
D)herpes virus
38
Dark or shaded-in circles in a pedigree indicate __________.
A)a carrier male
B)a carrier female
C)female with the trait
D)male with the trait
Maders Understanding Human Anatomy & Physiology
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