Mader's Understanding Human Anatomy & Physiology (Longenbaker), 8th Edition

Chapter 3: Cell Structure and Function

Multiple Choice Quiz

1
Identify the three main components of a human cell.
A)Cytoskeleton, plasma membrane and organelles
B)Cytoskeleton, plasma membrane and nucleus
C)Cytoplasm, plasma membrane and organelles
D)Cytoplasm, plasma membrane and nucleus
2
Identify the cell structure that allows the cell to maintain its shape and allows for cellular movement.
A)Cytoskeleton
B)Flagellum
C)Golgi apparatus
D)Plasma membrane
3
Which of the following is NOT a function of the plasma membrane?
A)surrounds the cell
B)control center of the cell
C)keeps the cell intact
D)controls what enters and exits the cell
4
What term describes how the plasma membrane controls what enters and exits the cell?
A)semipermeable
B)permeable
C)semisaturated
D)superpermeable
5
The main structural molecule of the plasma membrane is:
A)carbohydrates.
B)cholesterol.
C)proteins.
D)phospholipids.
6
Molecules that are embedded within the phospholipid bilayer are:
A)proteins
B)nucleic acids
C)carbohydrates
D)triglycerides
7
Because the proteins embedded in the phospholipid bilayer of the plasma membrane can change their positions by moving laterally, this model of the plasma membrane structure is called the ______ model.
A)hydrophilia
B)hydrophobia
C)plasma protein fluid
D)fluid-mosaic
8
Identify the components of the plasma membrane:
A)phospholipids, proteins, cholesterol and carbohydrates
B)phospholipids, triglycerides, cholesterol and carbohydrates
C)triglycerides, proteins, carbohydrates and nucleic acids
D)cholesterol, carbohydrates, phospholipids and triglycerides
9
Identify the component of the plasma membrane that marks cells as belonging to a particular individual.
A)proteins
B)glycoproteins
C)cholesterol
D)phospholipids
10
What is the main function of proteins in the plasma membrane?
A)make cellular energy
B)contain cell contents
C)make ribosomes
D)transport through the membrane
11
What is the form of the genetic material in a non-dividing cell?
A)chromosomes
B)nucleolus
C)chromatin
D)chromaphore
12
Describe the structure of the nuclear envelope.
A)It is double layered with pores.
B)It is single layered and solid.
C)It is double layered and solid.
D)It is single layered with pores.
13
What is the function of the nucleolus?
A)It makes protein.
B)It makes ribosomes.
C)It makes phospholipids.
D)It contains the genetic material.
14
Identify the function of DNA.
A)Controls the production of protein.
B)Produces proteins.
C)Produces ribosomes.
D)Controls the production of phospholipids.
15
What organelle is the site of protein synthesis?
A)vacuole
B)mitochondria
C)Golgi apparatus
D)ribosomes.
16
Which organelle and function is correctly matched?
A)Golgi apparatus – produce ATP or cellular energy
B)Lysosomes - cellular digestion with hydrolytic enzymes
C)Mitochondria - supports the cell
D)Centrioles - produces ribosomes
17
Which organelle and function is correctly matched?
A)Smooth ER - makes proteins
B)Peroxisomes – produce ATP
C)Golgi apparatus - processing and packaging materials
D)Ribosomes - movement by the cell
18
What organelle produces ATP?
A)mitochondria
B)cilia
C)Golgi apparatus
D)Rough ER
19
The function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum is ______ and the function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum is _______.
A)production of steroids; production of ATP
B)modification of proteins: production of ATP
C)modification of proteins; production of phospholipids
D)production of lysosomes: production of steroids
20
Microtubules form _________ that assist in the movement of chromosomes during cell division.
A)spindle fibers
B)actin filaments
C)globular proteins
D)microvilli
21
Sperm cells move by using a ________.
A)microvilli
B)cilia
C)flagellum
D)centrioles
22
Which of the following would NOT be found in the cytoplasm?
A)chromatin
B)endoplasmic reticulum
C)peroxisomes
D)mitochondria
23
An example of a passive transport mechanism is:
A)endocytosis
B)exocytosis
C)facilitated diffusion
D)2) phagocytosis
24
An example of an active transport mechanism is:
A)facilitated diffusion
B)osmosis
C)pinocytosis
D)simple diffusion
25
The random movement of a substance from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration is called
A)diffusion.
B)active transport.
C)filtration.
D)pinocytosis.
26
The diffusion of water across a semipermeable membrane is called
A)phagocytosis.
B)filtration.
C)osmosis.
D)active transport.
27
If a red blood cell is placed in a hypertonic solution, the blood cell will
A)shrink.
B)swell.
C)remain the same.
28
When a cell is placed into a hypotonic solution, water will move _____ the cell and the cell may ______.
A)into; crenate
B)into; lyse
C)out of; crenate
D)out of; lyst
29
Blood pressure helps to move water and dissolved solutes out of a capillary from a higher pressure to a lower pressure. This is called _________.
A)active transport
B)diffusion
C)filtration
D)osmosis
30
An example of a transport mechanism that requires expenditure of cellular ATP is:
A)exocytosis
B)facilitated diffusion
C)osmosis
D)simple diffusion
31
In active transport, materials move from _____ concentration to ____ concentration.
A)lower; higher
B)higher; lower
32
Pancreatic cells that produce package the insulin into a vesicle and release the insulin through the process of:
A)exocytosis
B)facilitated diffusion
C)filtration
D)osmosis
33
Proteins involved with active transport are called:
A)pores.
B)tubules.
C)filters.
D)pumps.
34
Cell eating is also known as
A)phagocytosis.
B)exocytosis.
C)pinocytosis.
D)cell pumping.
35
The formation of a vesicle to bring material into a cell is called
A)exocytosis.
B)endocytosis.
C)filtration.
D)osmosis.
36
A cell that cannot complete mitosis and is abnormal will undergo programmed cell death called
A)apoptosis.
B)crenation
C)endocytosis
D)exocytosis
37
The two major parts of the cell cycle are
A)interphase and prophase.
B)interphase and mitosis.
C)interphase and metaphase.
D)interphase and apoptosis.
38
Which of the following does NOT occur during interphase?
A)The cell carries on its normal activities.
B)The DNA replicates.
C)The chromosomes condense and become visible.
D)The cell makes enzymes and proteins needed for division.
39
An exact copy of each DNA strand is made during:
A)protein synthesis
B)transcription
C)translation
D)replication.
40
DNA acts as a template to make mRNA during:
A)transcription.
B)replication.
C)translation.
D)apoptosis
41
Upon completion of DNA replication, the new molecule of DNA consists of:
A)two new strands of DNA
B)two old strands of DNA
C)one old strand and one new strand of DNA
42
A gene is a segment of DNA that codes for the production of a single:
A)amino acid
B)carbohydrate
C)lipid
D)protein
43
A sequence of three bases on DNA is called a ______, while the complementary three bases on mRNA is called a(n) _____.
A)peptide; triplet.
B)triplet; codon.
C)codon; triplet.
D)codon; anticodon.
44
A sequence of three bases on mRNA is called a(n)______, while the complementary three bases on mRNA is called a(n) _____.
A)peptide; triplet.
B)triplet; codon.
C)codon; triplet.
D)codon; anticodon.
45
Place the events of protein synthesis in chronological order.
Complementary pairing of anticodon and codon
DNA serves as a template for mRNA synthesis
mRNA leaves nucleus and associates with ribosomes
A)2-3-5-4
B)4-1-2-3-5
C)2-3-5-1-4
D)2-5-3-4-1
46
The process of putting amino acids in proper order as determined by the codons of mRNA to make a protein is called
A)mitosis.
B)transcription.
C)translation.
D)replication.
47
Mitosis functions in:
A)growth
B)spermatogenesis
C)oogenesis
D)B and C, but not A
48
Identify the phases of interphase.
A)Anaphase, metaphase, prophase and telophase
B)Anaphase, cytokinesis, prophase and telophase.
C)Cytokinesis, G1 phase and G2 phase.
D)G1 phase, G2 phase and S phase
49
Place the stages of mitosis in chronological order.
A)metaphase, anaphase, prophase, telophase
B)prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase
C)prophase, anaphase, metaphase, telophase
D)anaphase, prophase, telophase, metaphase
50
Which of the following is NOT related to mitosis?
A)tissue repair
B)spindle fibers
C)two daughter cells
D)chromosome number reduction
51
Chromatin undergoes coiling into rod-like structures called _______ right before the cell divides.
A)mRNA
B)ribosomes
C)chromosomes
D)polyribosomes
52
The shortening of chromosomes to become visible occurs during _______ of mitosis.
A)metaphase.
B)interphase.
C)prophase.
D)telophase.
53
The chromosomes line up at the equator of the cell during _____ of mitosis.
A)anaphase.
B)telophase.
C)prophase.
D)metaphase.
54
The spindle fibers form between the centrioles during _____ of mitosis.
A)prophase.
B)anaphase.
C)telophase.
D)metaphase.
55
The sister chromatids separate and move toward opposite sides of the cell during ______ of mitosis.
A)metaphase.
B)telophase.
C)prophase.
D)anaphase.
56
The chromosomes lengthen and become chromatin and the nuclear envelop reforms during ______ of mitosis.
A)metaphase.
B)telophase.
C)anaphase.
D)prophase.
57
The formation of the cleavage furrow marks the beginning of _______ of mitosis.
A)interphase.
B)anaphase.
C)cytokinesis.
D)mitosis.
58
The division of cytoplasm and organelles is referred to as:
A)apoptosis
B)cytokinesis
C)interphase
D)mitosis
59
If a cell has 46 chromosomes before mitosis, the two new cells will have ___ chromosomes.
A)23
B)92
C)46
D)69
60
The process of meiosis occurs in
A)body cells.
B)sex cells.
C)hair cells.
D)skin cells.
61
If a cell has 46 chromosomes before meiosis, the new cells will have ____ chromosomes.
A)23
B)92
C)46
D)69
Maders Understanding Human Anatomy & Physiology
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