Earth Science: Geology, the Environment, and the Universe, Florida Edition

Section 3: Volcanoes

Volcanoes

1
The table shows how many eruptions were experienced by volcanoes in the past 100,000 years. Which volcano is the least likely to experience a huge eruption in present day?
FeatureStateLate PleistoceneHolocene
HugeHugeLargeMediumSmall
Mount BakerWA13
Glacier PeakWA27
Mount Rainier WA1110
Mount St. Helens WA7
Mount Adams WA4
Mount Hood OR3
Mount Jefferson OR1
Three Sisters OR22
Newberry Caldera OR13
Crater Lake OR12
Medicine Lake CA88
Mount Shasta CA1210
Lassen Peak CA412
Total71102049

Note: Huge eruptions => 10Km3 of ejecta; Large=1-10 ; Medium -0.1-1Km3; Small= < 0.1Km3 .
The periods of eruption are Late Pleistocene (10, 000- 100,000 years ago) or Holocene(< 10,000 years ago).


A)Lassen Peak
B)Mount Hood
C)Mount Rainier
D)Mount Shasta
2
What two things does the appearance of a volcano depend on?
A)type of material and eruption
B)type of eruption and temperature of the lava
C)type of material and viscosity
D)type of eruption and latitude
3
Volcanoes that form far from plate boundaries form as the result of __________.
A)volcanic bombs
B)hot spots
C)divergent plate boundaries
D)cinder cones
4
What is a pyroclastic flow?
A)a mixture of volcanic gas, ash, and other tephra
B)when lava comes out of a volcanic vent
C)lava that hardens into a batholith
D)poisonous gas of a volcano
5
Rock fragments thrown into the air during a volcanic eruption are called __________.
A)tephra
B)extrusive
C)granite
D)lava
6
Where do most volcanoes form?
A)in the southern hemisphere
B)at plate boundaries
C)far from plate boundaries
D)along the Mid-Atlantic Ridge
7
What is the name of a large volcanic crater over 1 km in diameter?
A)a vent
B)a batholith
C)a stock
D)a caldera
8
What are large, angular fragments thrown from a volcano called?
A)ash
B)volcanic bombs
C)volcanic blocks
D)lapilli
9
What is the water content in the magma that fuels the volcano shown in the figure?
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A)average water
B)less water
C)more water
D)water completely absent
10
How is a volcanic crater connected to a magma chamber?
A)by a vent
B)by tephra
C)by a hot spot
D)by a sill
11
What type of volcano forms from alternating layers of tephra and nonexplosive lava?
A)composite volcano
B)cinder cone
C)caldera
D)shield volcano
12
How was the volcano cone shown in the figure formed?
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A)a mixture of lava and volcanic fragments
B)uplifting of mountains before exploding into a volcano
C)material is ejected into the air and falls back to earth
D)layer upon layer of basaltic lava accumulating during nonexplosive eruptions
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