Chemistry Concepts and Applications

Chapter 10: The Kinetic Theory of Matter

Standardized Test Practice

1
What is NOT true of the particles in a crystal lattice?

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A)The particles move past each other
B)The particles are in constant motion.
C)The particles exert forces on each other.
D)The particles form a well-defined, three-dimensional arrangement.
2
The higher the average speed of gas particles, the higher is the __________ of the gas.

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A)atomic weight
B)potential energy
C)boiling point
D)temperature
3
As liquids evaporate, they __________.

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A)increase in volume
B)cool down
C)heat up
D)change chemical composition
4
For most substances, which physical state has the highest density?
A)gas
B)liquid
C)solid
D)water
5
The constant, random motion of tiny chunks of matter is called __________.
A)Brownian motion
B)linear motion
C)parabolic trajectory
D)kinetic motion
6
When materials called __________ melt, they lose their rigid organization in only one or two dimensions.
A)liquid crystals
B)solids
C)liquids
D)solid crystals
7
__________ is the most common form of matter in the universe but the least common on Earth.
A)gas
B)liquid
C)plasma
D)solid
8
The __________ of a material is a measure of the average kinetic energy of its particles.
A)temperature
B)mass
C)volume
D)rigidity
9
A temperature of 0 K is known as __________.
A)absolute zero
B)the freezing point of air
C)the melting point of water
D)0° C
10
The motions of particles cause them to spread out in a process known as __________.
A)aeration
B)condensation
C)diffusion
D)evaporation
11
__________ is the reverse of evaporation.
A)boiling
B)condensation
C)freezing
D)melting
12
A state of __________ is reached in a sealed container that contains significant amounts of both a liquid substance and its vapor.
A)equilibrium
B)freezing
C)elevation
D)reaction
13
The energy required to convert 1 kg of a liquid substance at its boiling point to 1 kg of gas, is called the substance's __________.
A)heat of vaporization
B)sublimation point
C)joule of heat
D)energy of condensation
14
Because liquid molecules are much closer than gas molecules, liquids are much less __________ than gases.
A)compressible
B)flexible
C)massive
D)lattice-like
15
Increasing a liquid's temperature causes its vapor pressure to __________.
A)increase
B)remain constant
C)decrease
D)change to solid
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