Chemistry Concepts and Applications

Chapter 18: Organic Chemistry

Standardized Test Practice

1
This alkane has the formula C10H22.
A)decane
B)ethane
C)octane
D)pentane
2
The prefix "cyclo" indicates that a hydrocarbon contains a carbon __________.
A)ring
B)chain
C)atom
D)branch
3
An unsaturated hydrocarbon has one or more __________carbon-carbon bonds.
A)double
B)double or triple
C)single
D)triple
4
Which of these compounds may be an alkene?
A)C4H8
B)C2H6
C)C6H14
D)C22H46
5
Large alkanes are converted into smaller, more useful alkanes and alkenes by a process known as __________.
A)combustion
B)concentration
C)condensation
D)cracking
6
What is the shape of the benzene molecule?
A)hexagonal planar
B)octahedral
C)tetrahedral
D)trigonal pyramidal
7
What type of organic compound is characterized by a hydroxy functional group bonded to a carbon atom of a hydrocarbon?
A)alcohol
B)aldehyde
C)carbon dioxide
D)octane
8
What is the difference between an aldehyde and a ketone?
A)Aldehydes have carbonyl groups; ketones have carboxyl groups.
B)Aldehydes have carbonyl groups at the end of a carbon chain; ketones have carbonyl groups within carbon chains.
C)Aldehydes have carboxyl groups; ketones have carbonyl groups.
D)Aldehydes have carboxyl groups at the end of a carbon chain; ketones have carboxyl groups within carbon chains.
9
What type of compound is acetone (shown in the diagram)?

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A)aldehyde
B)ketone
C)halogenated compound
D)ether
10
The amino group consists of __________.

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A)two nitrogen atoms
B)one nitrogen atom bonded to one hydrogen atom
C)one nitrogen atom bonded to two hydrogen atoms
D)two hydrogen atoms
11
Alkenes are converted into __________ by reaction with water.

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A)amines
B)ketones
C)aldehydes
D)alcohols
12
__________ are commonly converted into compounds containing other functional groups.
A)amines
B)alcohols
C)esters
D)ethers
13
Teflon forms from tetrafluoroethylene in a process known as __________.
A)addition polymerization
B)condensation
C)condensation polymerization
D)ionic bonding
14
These two types of plastics are the most recyclable types of plastic.

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A)polyethylenes and thermosetting plastics
B)polyethylenes and PVC
C)PVC and thermosetting plastics
D)bakelite and thermosetting plastics
15
In digestion, the polymer starch is broken down into __________.
A)sucrose
B)fructose
C)ribose
D)glucose
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