1 A psychologist is interested in increasing safer sex behaviors. In developing an intervention to increase safer sex behaviors, she focuses on the ways in which participants' friends view condom usage. Her inclusion of social group norms in her intervention is consistent with which theory of health behavior?A) stages of change B) self-determination theory C) theory of reasoned action D) social cognitive theory 2 Consciousness-raising is most important during which stage of the stages of change model?A) precontemplation B) contemplation C) preparation/determination D) action/willpower E) maintenance 3 Someone who is researching different types of smoking cessation aids (for example, nicotine gum and nicotine patches) is in which stage of the stages of change model?A) precontemplation B) contemplation C) preparation/determination D) action/willpower E) maintenance 4 During which stage of the stages of change model does relapse occur?A) maintenance B) contemplation C) preparation/determination D) action/willpower 5 Which personality factor has been shown to be related to using alcohol to cope with stress?A) neuroticism B) extraversion C) openness to experience D) agreeableness 6 A student has been experiencing stress because she has been struggling in her classes all semester. After a while, she realizes that she has developed a host of physical symptoms, such as fatigue, runny nose, and coughing. In what stage of the general adaptation syndrome is this student?A) alarm stage B) resistance stage C) exhaustion stage D) illness stage 7 The link between extreme stress and cardiovascular problems can be explained by all of the following exceptA) increased adrenaline. B) increased negative coping strategies. C) increased hostility. D) increased physical activity. 8 Which of the following is considered a healthy body mass index?A) 5-12 B) 13-18 C) 18-24 D) 25-30 9 How is body mass index calculated?A) by comparing a person's weight to his or her age B) by measuring waist circumference C) by a treadmill test D) by comparing a person's height to his or her weight 10 Melinda has developed a chronic illness. A health psychologist is working with Melinda's physician. Which of the following would the health psychologist be most interested in evaluating?A) Melinda's family history of illness B) Melinda's current medication regimen C) Melinda's preferred methods of handling stress D) Melinda's surgical history 11 In what stage of the stages of change model do individuals make a commitment to change?A) contemplation B) maintenance C) preparation/determination D) action/willpower 12 What would be the best approach to help Marcus quit smoking if he is in the precontemplation stage?A) providing him with information about nicotine patches B) helping him evaluate the pros and cons of quitting smoking C) giving him a reward for cutting down on smoking D) taking him to a hospital to visit patients with smoking-related emphysema 13 Which theory focuses on the distinction between intrinsic motivation and extrinsic motivation?A) theory of reasoned action B) self-determination theory C) stages of change model D) social cognitive theory 14 People who drink alcohol because it is fun for them are motivated byA) social motives. B) coping motives. C) enhancement motives. D) extrinsic motives. 15 In order, starting from the first stage, what are the stages of the general adaptation syndrome?A) resistance, alarm, exhaustion B) alarm, exhaustion, illness C) resistance, illness, alarm D) alarm, resistance, exhaustion 16 Which of the following would be considered an acute stressor?A) colon cancer B) a pop quiz C) marital discord D) HIV disease 17 Which theory states that in order for people to make a change in their health behavior, they must have an intention to do so, a positive attitude about the behavior, and a view that their social network will be supportive?A) stages of change model B) social cognitive model C) self-determination theory D) theory of reasoned action 18 Ads on television that warn of the dangers of substance use are attempting toA) encourage maintenance. B) move people from preparation/determination to action/willpower. C) raise consciousness. D) prevent relapse. 19 An individual believing that he or she can successfully engage in a behavior that promotes health is an example ofA) willpower. B) self-efficacy. C) motivation. D) faith. 20 Which country has the highest teenage pregnancy rate?A) United States of America B) Canada C) Great Britain D) Japan