1.
Hydra and many species of sponges reproduce byA) parthenogenesis. B) fragmentation. C) budding. D) fission. 2.
Certain flatworms, rotifers, roundworms, insects, lobsters, lizards, and fishes can reproduce without sperm and normal fertilization. This type of asexual reproduction is termedA) fission. B) budding. C) fragmentation. D) parthenogenesis. 3.
__________ occurs when an animal has both functional male and female reproductive systems.A) Parthenogenesis B) Hermaphroditism C) Dioecious reproduction D) Protandrous reproduction 4.
When eggs are deposited outside the body of the female, this is termed __________ reproduction.A) oviparous B) ovoviviparous C) viviparous D) broadcast spawning 5.
Prior to mating, some invertebrates incorporate sperm into a packet called aA) spermatheca. B) seminal vesicle. C) bulbourethra. D) spermatophore. 6.
A hermaphrodite that is male during its early life and female later in life is calledA) protandrous. B) protogynous. C) polygynous D) polyandrous 7.
The first group of vertebrates to completely abandon the aquatic habitat and begin reproducing on land were theA) fishes. B) amphibians. C) reptiles. D) birds. 8.
Which of the following mammals lays eggs?A) duckbilled platypus B) spiny anteater C) opossums D) both a and b 9.
Water, fructose, vitamin C, and prostaglandins are secreted by the __________ in mammals.A) prostate gland B) seminal vesicles C) bulbourethral glands D) all of the above (a-c) 10.
Which of the following hormones aids sperm maturation and increases testosterone production?A) GnRH B) RH C) TSH D) FSH 11.
In a female mammal, which of the following hormones induces the mammary glands to secrete and eject milk after birth?A) prolactin B) oxytocin C) hCG D) both a and b 12.
Which of the following is not part of the menstrual cycle?A) follicular phase B) ovulation C) luteal phase D) blastocyst formation 13.
During the first few days of birth, a baby receives __________ from the mother's mammary glands.A) milk B) colostrum C) neither of the above D) both of the above 14.
The baby participates in the birth process by secretingA) catecholamines. B) prolactin. C) oxytocin. D) FSH. 15.
In mammalian reproduction, which of the following implants in the endometrial lining of the uterus?A) zygote B) morula C) blastocyst D) embryo 16.
In female mammals, which of the following hormones stimulates thickening of the uterine wall?A) oxytocin B) LH C) progesterone D) hCG 17.
What hormone acts during delivery by causing the pubic symphysis to become more flexible, and to dilate the cervix?A) relaxin B) progesterone C) oxytocin D) hCG 18.
Which of the following human female hormones inhibits FSH secretion and increases LH secretion?A) estrogen B) progesterone C) prolactin D) hCG 19.
The uterus has __________ tissue layers.A) two B) three C) four D) five 20.
Just prior to implantation, at the 50-120 cell stage, a human embryo is called aA) morula. B) zygote. C) gastrula. D) blastocyst. 21.
Lactation involves only milk production by the mammary glands.A) True B) False 22.
The uterine tubes are lined with cilia to propel the egg toward the ovary.A) True B) False 23.
The human female is fertile for about a week each month.A) True B) False 24.
Asexual reproduction is limited to the fusion of haploid cells.A) True B) False 25.
Sexual reproductive strategies and structures in the invertebrates are numerous and varied.A) True B) False 26.
Parthenogenesis has been shown in vertebrates and invertebrates.A) True B) False 27.
Most female mammals menstruate.A) True B) False 28.
Sexual reproduction first evolved in land animals.A) True B) False 29.
The reproductive roles of the human female are more complex than those of the human male.A) True B) False 30.
Pregnancy in humans is arbitrarily divided into 3-month periods called trimesters.A) True B) False