Chemistry Concepts and Applications

Chapter 2: Matter Is Made of Atoms

Chapter Test Practice

1
Thomson's model of the atom included negative __________ embedded in a ball of __________ charge.

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A)protons, negative
B)electrons, positive
C)electrons, negative
D)protons, positive
2
Why were so few alpha particles strongly deflected in Rutherford's experiment?

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A)The nucleus is not concentrated enough to deflect all alpha particles.
B)Alpha particles move too quickly to be deflected very often.
C)Alpha particles are attracted to the negative clouds of the atoms.
D)Atomic nuclei are very small, so few alpha particles impact them.
3
How were alpha particles detected in Rutherford's experiment?

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A)The rays created by the moving alpha partilces were observed.
B)The sounds of the impacting alpha particles were counted.
C)The impacts of the alpha particles on a fluorescent screen was observed.
D)The change in mass of the ZnS screen was measured.
4
In natural waste-disposal processes, atoms are __________.
A)created
B)destroyed
C)made into aluminum
D)recycled
5
The number of protons in the nucleus of the atoms of an element determines the element's __________.
A)atomic number
B)atomic mass
C)mass number
D)valence
6
The electrons around an atom form an __________ __________.

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A)electron sphere
B)electron cloud
C)atomic sphere
D)atomic cloud
7
These two particles are found in atomic nuclei.

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A)protons and neutrons
B)protons and electrons
C)neutrons and electrons
D)electrons and positrons
8
Because light always moves at the same speed, the wavelength of light is determined by its __________.

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A)amplitude
B)crest
C)trough
D)frequency
9
What electromagnetic waves have a longer wavelength than visible light?

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A)tv signals
B)gamma rays
C)x-rays
D)ultraviolet
10
Lavoisier came to the conclusion that air is a mixture made up mostly of these two gases.
A)nitrogen and oxygen
B)oxygen and carbon dioxide
C)hydrogen and oxygen
D)oxygen and methane
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