Chemistry Concepts and Applications

Chapter 2: Matter Is Made of Atoms

Standardized Test Practice

1
Thomson showed that the atom was not a solid ball when he discovered the __________.

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A)alpha particle
B)electron
C)neutron
D)proton
2
Most alpha particles in Rutherford's gold-foil experiment __________.

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A)passed straight through
B)bounced back
C)were deflected at large angles
D)were deflected more than ninety degrees
3
What would have been expected of the alpha particles had the nucleus of the atom not existed?

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A)The alpha particles would have passed straight through.
B)The alpha particles would have bounced back.
C)The alpha particles would have become stuck in the gold foil.
D)The alpha particles would have been deflected ninety degrees.
4
__________ is credited with formulating the modern atomic theory of matter, which has remained essentially intact up to the present time.
A)Archimedes
B)Dalton
C)Lavoisier
D)Proust
5
Greek philosophers thought these four elements formed all matter.
A)carbon, phosphorus, calcium, oxygen
B)earth, air, fire, water
C)earth, sea, air, plasma
D)hydrogen, oxygen, carbon, nitrogen
6
Which is NOT evidence for energy levels in atoms?

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A)Atoms give off only certain colors of light.
B)Atoms absorb only certain colors of light.
C)Atoms can lose or gain electrons.
D)Light from atoms produces line emissions when passed through a prism.
7
What is NOT likely to be found in the nucleus?

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A)protons
B)neutrons
C)electrons
D)positive charge
8
The number of vibrations per second is the __________ of the wave.

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A)amplitude
B)frequency
C)speed
D)wavelength
9
Which electromagnetic wave has a higher frequency than visible light?

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A)radio waves
B)x-rays
C)television signals
D)microwaves
10
When 0.243 g of magnesium reacts with 0.160 g of oxygen, how many grams of magnesium oxide is produced?
A)0.403 g
B)0.243 g
C)0.486 g
D)less than 0.403 g
11
When an atom absorbs energy that causes one of its electrons to move to a higher energy level, the atom is said to be in __________.
A)an excited state
B)the ground state
C)the nucleus
D)an outer orbit
12
An atom's valence electrons are those in its __________.
A)electron clouds
B)inner energy levels
C)lowest energy level
D)outermost energy level
13
A magnesium atom has __________ valence electrons.
A)2
B)3
C)4
D)5
14
This element is in period two of the periodic table and has two dots in its Lewis dot diagram.
A)carbon
B)beryllium
C)neon
D)oxygen
15
The nucleus of this atom contains nine protons and nine neutrons.
A)fluorine-18
B)oxygen-19
C)neon-18
D)nitrogen-19
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